Stability analysis of high-enthalpy boundary layers during reentry and the effects of ionization

LU Ruiyang; HUANG Zhangfeng

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0152

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Stability analysis of high-enthalpy boundary layers during reentry and the effects of ionization

更新时间：2026-05-28

- Stability analysis of high-enthalpy boundary layers during reentry and the effects of ionization
- Vol. 43, Issue 11, Pages: 56-65(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 天津大学力学系,天津,300072
  2. 车用动力系统全国重点实验室,天津,300072
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0152
  CLC： O357.4+1;V211
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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鲁锐洋, 黄章峰. 再入轨道下的高焓稳定性分析及电离的影响[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(11): 56−65.

LU Ruiyang, HUANG Zhangfeng. Stability analysis of high-enthalpy boundary layers during reentry and the effects of ionization[J]. 2025, 43(11): 56-65.
鲁锐洋, 黄章峰. 再入轨道下的高焓稳定性分析及电离的影响[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(11): 56−65. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0152

LU Ruiyang, HUANG Zhangfeng. Stability analysis of high-enthalpy boundary layers during reentry and the effects of ionization[J]. 2025, 43(11): 56-65. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0152.

摘要

高焓边界层内通常会发生多种热化学过程，由此带来的真实气体效应会显著影响边界层内的流动稳定性及转捩特性。为了研究马赫数及头部电离对高焓边界层稳定性的影响，针对再入轨道下的飞行工况，基于5组分和11组分大气反应模型，使用化学非平衡线性稳定性分析方法对钝锥边界层开展数值模拟。通过对输运模型的评估发现：对于电离空气，Gupta-Wilke （GW）模型计算的输运系数误差较大，不含电子GW 模型与 Chapman-Enskog（CE）模型的结果更为接近。在此基础上，进一步研究发现：飞行条件下，随马赫数增加，第二模态增长率逐渐减小，失稳频率范围增大；电离对基本流的影响仅集中头部附近，头部电离使上游的第二模态增长率略微降低，但难以改变整体的

值，不影响飞行器整体转捩预测；在真实气体转捩预测中，可以使用5组分反应模型提高计算效率。

Abstract

The laminar-to-turbulent transition of boundary layers is crucial for the aerodynamic and aerothermal design of high-speed vehicles as it results in a significant increase in skin friction and wall heat flux. In high-enthalpy boundary layers

the transition process becomes even more intricate due to various thermo-chemical processes induced by the extremely high temperature. This study employs chemical non-equilibrium linear stability analysis with 5-species and 11-species atmospheric models to investigate blunt cone boundary layers under reentry conditions

focusing on the effects of Mach number and ionization on the boundary-layer stability. The results indicate that the transport coefficients of ionized air calculated using the Gupta-Wilke (GW) model exhibit significant errors. In contrast

the results of the GW model without considering electrons are more aligned with those of the Chapman-Enskog (CE) model. Under flight conditions

as the Mach number increases

the growth rate of the second mode decreases gradually

while the instability frequency range broadens. Ionization primarily affects the base flow near the nose. Specifically

ionization at the nose slightly reduces the growth rate of the second mode upstream but does not alter the overall N-factor

thereby having a negligible effect on the aircraft's transition prediction. Additionally

the computational efficiency of real-gas transition predictions can be improved by using a five-species model.

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