Cavitation motion characteristics of near-wall supercavitating vehicle

HU Yuting; WANG Zhiyuan; TANG Zhihao; ZHANG Xin; YUAN Xin; ZHAO Zijie; DAI Qi

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0119

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Cavitation motion characteristics of near-wall supercavitating vehicle

更新时间：2026-05-28

- Cavitation motion characteristics of near-wall supercavitating vehicle
- Vol. 43, Issue 12, Pages: 42-51(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  南京理工大学瞬态物理全国重点实验室,南京,210094
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0119
  CLC： O351.2;O359
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
胡玉婷, 王智元, 唐志豪, 等. 近壁面超空泡航行体的空泡运动特性数值研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(12): 42−51.

HU Yuting, WANG Zhiyuan, TANG Zhihao, et al. Cavitation motion characteristics of near-wall supercavitating vehicle[J]. 2025, 43(12): 42-51.
胡玉婷, 王智元, 唐志豪, 等. 近壁面超空泡航行体的空泡运动特性数值研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(12): 42−51. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0119

HU Yuting, WANG Zhiyuan, TANG Zhihao, et al. Cavitation motion characteristics of near-wall supercavitating vehicle[J]. 2025, 43(12): 42-51. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0119.

摘要

超空泡技术对水下航行体减阻增程具有重要意义。航行体近水底面航行时，刚性壁面会对航行体的空泡形态产生显著影响，从而影响航行体的运动姿态和稳定性。为研究壁面效应对超空泡航行体空化的影响，采用VOF（volume of fluid）多相流模型、Schnerr-Sauer空化模型和Realizable

湍流模型，分别对单壁面作用以及壁面边界层作用下的超空泡航行体进行模拟研究，以揭示壁面、剪切层与超空泡航行体的耦合作用机理。结果表明：对于单壁面作用，由于刚性壁面对空泡膨胀排挤水体的阻碍效应，近壁面侧的空泡显著减小，远壁面侧的空泡略微增大，超空泡向远壁面侧偏斜，并且航行体离壁面越近，超空泡的偏斜越强，甚至还会使得航行体下侧沾湿。然而，在壁面边界层作用下，由于航行体上侧绕流快于下侧，周围流线向低速的近壁面侧偏斜，空泡上凸下平的不对称性减弱。随着边界层厚度增加以及航行体与壁面距离减小，航行体周围的剪切作用增强，超空泡从向远壁面侧偏斜逐渐转变为向近壁面侧偏斜，最终变成上平下凸的不对称形态。

Abstract

Supercavitation technology is of great significance in reducing drag and enhancing the range of supercavitating vehicles. When a vehicle navigates in proximity to the underwater terrain

the rigid wall exerts a substantial influence on the cavitation enveloping the vehicle

thereby affecting its motion dynamics and stability. To elucidate the intricate interplay between the wall

shear layer

and the vehicle

this paper employs the VOF (volume of fluid) multiphase flow model

the Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model

and the realizable

turbulence model to simulate the flow fields around a supercavitating vehicle in proximity to walls with and without the boundary layer. In the absence of a boundary layer on the rigid wall

the expansion of the cavities and the displacement of water are significantly hindered

yielding a much smaller cavities near the wall and a slightly larger cavities on the opposite side. Moreover

the supercavity exhibits a deflection towards the far side of the wall

which becomes more evident as the distance from the wall decreases

leading to a wetted lower surface of the vehicle. Conversely

in the presence of the wall boundary layer

the surrounding streamlines are deflected towards the low-speed

near-wall side since the upper side of the vehicle moves faster than the lower side. This results in a mitigation of the cavitatys asymmetry

with the upper side becoming convex and the lower side becoming flat. As the boundary layer thickens and the distance between the vehicle and the wall decreases

the shear effect around the vehicle intensifies. Consequently

the supercavity gradually deflects from the far side towards the near side of the wall

eventually evolving into an asymmetrical shape with a flat upper side and a convex lower side.

关键词

Keywords

references

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