Influence of windbreak distance on the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains by large eddy simulation

XU Jianlin; LI Shuaidong; ZHAO Gaopeng; JIA Yongxing; LI Rui; YANG Yonggang

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0108

English Version Journal Login

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Influence of windbreak distance on the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains by large eddy simulation

更新时间：2026-05-28

- Influence of windbreak distance on the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains by large eddy simulation
- Vol. 43, Issue 11, Pages: 43-55(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  兰州交通大学机电工程学院,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0108
  CLC： U270.1
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
许建林, 李帅东, 赵高鹏, 等. 挡风墙距离影响高速列车气动性能LES研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(11): 43−55.

XU Jianlin, LI Shuaidong, ZHAO Gaopeng, et al. Influence of windbreak distance on the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains by large eddy simulation[J]. 2025, 43(11): 43-55.
许建林, 李帅东, 赵高鹏, 等. 挡风墙距离影响高速列车气动性能LES研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(11): 43−55. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0108

XU Jianlin, LI Shuaidong, ZHAO Gaopeng, et al. Influence of windbreak distance on the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains by large eddy simulation[J]. 2025, 43(11): 43-55. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0108.

摘要

挡风墙距线路中心线的距离影响着大风区高速列车的安全运行。为了明晰不同距离挡风墙对流场内涡干涉的影响和机理，基于大涡模拟及重叠网格技术，数值计算了挡风墙距线路中心线4种距离（

= 6、8、10、11 m）下的列车气动性能，分析了其周围流场特征。研究结果表明：列车在非过渡段区域运行时，4种距离下列车的侧向力系数及倾覆力矩系数随着距离的增加基本呈现先减小后增大的趋势，

= 10 m时气动力/力矩系数最小，降幅最大（对头车、中间车、尾车的侧向力系数降幅影响分别可达23%、76%、48%，倾覆力矩系数降幅分别为48%、77%、63%），且此时列车侧向力系数振幅最小，主要峰值频率集中在0 ～ 10 Hz；列车行驶至过渡段，

= 10 m时列车侧向力系数及倾覆力矩系数变化幅值也相对较小。在本文研究的4种远近不同距离下，

= 10 m时列车气动安全性较好，挡风墙的防风效果最好。但需要注意的是，列车运行至过渡段时，周围流场结构变化复杂，中间车受高速气流与列车风联合作用的影响最小，头车与尾车的气动性能波动较明显。本文研究结果可为高速铁路挡风墙建设与维护提供参考依据。

Abstract

The distance of the windbreak from the centerline of the track affects the safe operation of high-speed trains in windy areas. In order to clarify the influence and mechanism of different distances of windbreaks on the vortex interference in the flow field

based on the large eddy simulation and overlapping grid

present work carried out numerical simulation of aerodynamic performances of high-speed train with four different distances of

the windbreak from the centerline of the track (

= 6

and 11 m). The results indicate that when the high-speed train travels across the non-transition section

the lateral force coefficients and overturning moment coefficients of the train at four distances show basically a trend of decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the distance. The aerodynamic force/moment coefficients are the smallest among four situations studied

and the lateral force coefficients decrease by 23%

76%

and 48% for the leading

middle

and end cars

respectively; the overturning moment coefficients decrease by 48%

77%

and 63%

respectively

meanwhile the train has the smallest lateral force coefficient vibration amplitude

and the main peak frequency is concentrated in the range of 0～10 Hz. When the high-speed train passes through the transition section

the changes of lateral force coefficient and overturning moment coefficient of the train at

= 10 m are also relatively smaller. It shows that

among the four different distances

the aerodynamic safety of the train is the best at

= 10 m

as well the wind protection effect of the windbreak. However

it should be noted that when the train passes through the transition section

the surrounding flow structure undergoes complex changes. The middle car experiences the least impact from the combined effects of high-speed airflow and train-induced wind

while the aerodynamic performance fluctuations of the leading and end cars are more pronounced. The present research can be used as a reference for the construction and maintenance of windbreaks on high-speed railways.

关键词

Keywords

references

GONG J F, WANG W, WANG F, et al. Statistics of railway tunnels in China by the end of 2023 and introduction of newly opened key projects in 2023[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2024, 44(2): 377−392 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2024.02.017

WANG L, LI Y J, ZHANG C K, et al. Influence of wind angle on aerodynamic effects of a high-speed train leaving a tunnel[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2024, 55(1): 419−430 (in Chinese). doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2024.01.035

WANG Y T, SUN Z X, JU S J, et al. Influence of groove microstructures on the aerodynamic performance of high speed trains under crosswind[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2021, 39(5): 132−141 (in Chinese). doi: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0149

YANG B, LIU T H, YANG M Z. Reasonable setting of wind-break wall on railway in strong wind areas[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2011, 8(3): 67−72 (in Chinese). doi: 10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.2011.03.013

YE K, LI R X. Optimization analysis of height and distance of shelter wind wall for high-speed railway[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2014, 49(2): 240−246 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2014.02.009

HE D H, CHEN H C, YU W D, et al. The influence of wind wall on high-speed train aerodynamic performance[J]. Railway Locomotive Car, 2016, 36(5): 21−27, 32 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-7842.2016.05.05

ZHOU Z P, YAO S, LIU K, et al. Aerodynamic performances of common passenger train and EMU passing by each other under crosswind and wind-break wall[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2018, 15(7): 1641−1649 (in Chinese). doi: 10.19713/j.cnki.43−1423/u.2018.07.002

YANG W C, ZHAO W, DENG E, et al. Comparative study on aerodynamic performance of two buffer structures at the ends of high-speed railway windbreak[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2022, 53(5): 1941−1954 (in Chinese). doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2022.05.037

XIA Y T, LIU T H, SU X C, et al. Aerodynamic influences of typical windbreak wall types on a high-speed train under crosswind[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2022, 231: 105203. doi: 10.1016/j.jweia.2022.105203

ZHANG J, LIU T H. Multistep design of earth type wind-break wall along Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2014, 45(4): 1334−1340 (in Chinese). doi: CNKI:SUN:ZNGD.0.2014-04-044

ZHANG J, HE K, WANG J, et al. Numerical simulation of flow around a high-speed train subjected to different windbreak walls and yaw angles[J]. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 2019, 12(4): 1137−1149. doi: 10.29252/jafm.12.04.29484

ZHONG M, WANG T T, LIANG X F, et al. Key parameters of a porous windbreak for high-speed railways based on porous media[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2024, 21(3): 882−890 (in Chinese). doi: 10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20230580

ZHANG G F, GAO Z W. Research on anti-wind measures for sections with special terrain and physiognomy of high-speed railway[J]. High Speed Railway Technology, 2020, 11(3): 32−36 (in Chinese). doi: 10.12098/j.issn.1674-8247.2020.03.007

LI K, LIANG X F, YANG M Z. Anti-wind aerodynamic performance of high-speed train and wind-break wall optimization[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2018, 49(5): 1297−1305 (in Chinese). doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2018.05.034

CHENG S J, LIU T H, LI W H, et al. Numerical study on reasonable lengths of wind barriers with different thicknesses in wind tunnel tests[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2023, 30(4): 1388−1404. doi: 10.1007/s11771-023-5297-5

LIU T H, CHEN Z W, ZHOU X S, et al. A CFD analysis of the aerodynamics of a high-speed train passing through a windbreak transition under crosswind[J]. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2018, 12(1): 137−151. doi: 10.1080/19942060.2017.1360211

LI K. Aerodynamic analysis and engineering optimization of the transition of high-speed railway embankment-cutting windproof structures[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2019, 36(10): 23−26,87 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2106.2019.10.005

CHEN Z W, LIU T H, GUO Z J, et al. Dynamic behaviors and mitigation measures of a train passing through windbreak transitions from ground to cutting[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2022, 29(8): 2675−2689. doi: 10.1007/s11771-022-5114-6

NIU J, ZHANG Y C, LI R, et al. Aerodynamic simulation of effects of one- and two-side windbreak walls on a moving train running on a double track railway line subjected to strong crosswind[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2022, 221: 104912 doi: 10.1016/j.jweia.2022.104912

ZHANG J, GAO G J, LI (J /L)J. Height optimization of ventilation wind-proof wall on high-speed railway bridge[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2013, 13(6): 28−35 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1637.2013.06.005

XU G. Study and optimization of flow field characteristics in transition section of wind wall of Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway[D]. Changsha: Central South University, 2010 (in Chinese). doi: 10.7666/d.y1917028

BENEK J, BUNING P, STEGER J. A 3-D chimera grid embedding technique[C]// 7th Computational Physics Conference, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 1985: AIAA 1985−1523. doi: 10.2514/6.1985-1523

CEN European Standard. Railway applications-aerodynamics. Part 4: Requirements and test procedures for aerodynamics on open track[S]. CEN EN 14067−4.

HEMIDA H, KRAJNOVIĆ S. LES study of the influence of a train-nose shape on the flow structures under cross-wind conditions[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 2008, 130(9). doi: 10.1115/1.2953228

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Influence of groove microstructures on the aerodynamic performance of high speed trains under crosswind

Impact of key area optimization on the aerodynamic characteristics of a high-speed train in crosswind

Parametric construction of blade leading and trailing edges with arbitrary central angles using NURBS curves

Research on the design and installation parameters of the braking plate with opening holes for high-speed trains

Research progress on Reynolds number effects in the design of large aircraft

Related Author

WANG Yeteng

SUN Zhenxu

JU Shengjun

WANG Mengying

YANG Guowei

Jiang Jiyun

Liu Tanghong

Wang Xinran

Related Institution

Key laboratory for mechanics in fluid solid coupling systems, institute of mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing

School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing

中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司

中南大学交通运输工程学院，轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室

中南大学轨道交通安全关键技术国际合作联合实验室

AI问答

⁰