Numerical study of vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature

LI Zhonghua; CHEN Aiguo; YANG Yanguang; LI Zhihui; SU Siyao

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0149

English Version Journal Login

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Numerical study of vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature

更新时间：2026-07-27

- Numerical study of vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature
- Vol. 42, Issue 11, Pages: 55-62(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,绵阳,621000
  2. 飞行器流体物理全国重点实验室,绵阳,621000
  3. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心,绵阳,621000
  4. 国家计算流体力学实验室,北京,100191
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0149
  CLC： V211.3
- Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李中华, 陈爱国, 杨彦广, 等. 低温振动非平衡流动数值模拟研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(11): 55−62.

LI Zhonghua, CHEN Aiguo, YANG Yanguang, et al. Numerical study of vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature[J]. 2024, 42(11): 55-62.
李中华, 陈爱国, 杨彦广, 等. 低温振动非平衡流动数值模拟研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(11): 55−62. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0149

LI Zhonghua, CHEN Aiguo, YANG Yanguang, et al. Numerical study of vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature[J]. 2024, 42(11): 55-62. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0149.

摘要

在高速低密度风洞喷管流动中，振动温度出现冻结，与平动温度和转动温度产生了严重的非平衡现象。相关数值模拟结果中，振动温度完全冻结，而试验结果明显低于计算结果。为合理解释此现象，对数值模拟方法在低温条件下的应用进行分析，基于直接模拟蒙特卡罗（direct simulation Monte Carlo

DSMC）方法中热力学非平衡模拟技术，对振动松弛碰撞数进行修正，给出了修正系数1×10

–7

，建立了低温振动非平衡流动数值模拟方法。利用该方法对低密度风洞M16喷管流场和10 N姿控发动机羽流流场开展数值模拟，得到了与试验结果相符合的振动温度。研究表明：在低温条件下，由于振动松弛碰撞数很大，气体分子很难发生振动松弛碰撞，振动能不能向平动能转化，振动温度完全冻结；通过修正，降低振动松弛碰撞数，增加振动松弛碰撞的概率，可以降低振动冻结温度，使得数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合。

Abstract

In hypersonic low density nozzle flow

the vibrational temperature is frozen

causing serious non-equilibrium relative to the translational and rotational temperatures. In related numerical simulations

the vibrational temperature is completely frozen

but the experimental data is obviously lower than the simulation result. To address this issue

analyses have been performed on the numerical method in the applications of low temperature conditions. Based on the simulation method of thermal non-equilibrium used in direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC)

by modifying the number of vibrational relaxation collision

a numerical method for

vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature is proposed

in which the modified coefficient is set to be 1×10

−7

. The flow in a M16 nozzle of the low density wind tunnel and the plume of 10 N attitude control thruster is simulated

and the vibrational temperature agrees with the experimental result. It is shown that

due to the large value of the number of vibrational relaxation collision in the low temperature condition

gas molecules can rarely have vibrational relaxation collisions

and the vibrational energy cannot transform to the translational energy

thus the vibrational temperature is completely frozen. With the present introduced modification

the number of vibrational relaxation collision is reduced

the probability of vibrational relaxation collision is increased

and the vibrational temperature can be reduced to match the experimental results.

关键词

Keywords

references

IMLAY S, ROBERTS D, SOETRISNO M, et al. Nonequilibrium thermo-chemical calculations using a diagonal implicit scheme[C]//29th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, NV. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 1991: 468.

GIMELSHEN N E, GIMELSHEIN S F, LEVIN D A, et al. Reconsideration of DSMC models for internal energy transfer and chemical reactions[C]//23rd International Symposium of Rarefied Gas Daynamics, Whistler, Canada. New York: AIP Publishing, 2002: 349−357.

BOYD I D . Computation of hypersonic flows using the direct simulation Monte Carlo method[J ] . Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 2015 , 52 ( 1 ): 38 − 53 .

IVANOV M, MARKELOV G. Numerical study of thruster nozzle plume[C]// 38th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NV. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 2000: 468.

CHEN A G, TIAN Y, WANG J, et al. Measurement investigation of rotational temperature and vibrational temperature in hypersonic wind tunnel rarefied flow field[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics (in Chinese).

TANG Z G. Hypersonic aerodynamic experiment[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2004 (in Chinese).

BOYLAN D E. Laminar heat transfer on sharp and blunt ten-degree cones in conical and parallel low-density flow: AEDC-TR-73-106[R]. Arnold Air Force Base, Tennessee, 1973.

BOYLAN D E . Laminar convective heat-transfer rates on a hemisphere cylinder in rarefied hypersonic flow[J ] . AIAA Journal, 1971 , 9 ( 8 ): 1661 − 1663 .

MILLIKAN R C, WHITE D R . Systematics of vibrational relaxation[J ] . The Journal of Chemical Physics, 1963 , 39 ( 12 ): 3209 − 3213 .

HASSAN B. Thermo-chemical non-equilibrium effects on the aerothermodynamics of hypersonic vehicles[D]. Raleigh, North Carolina, USA: North Carolina State University, 1993.

BONNIE J M, MICHAEL J Z, SANFORD G. NASA Glenn coefficients for calculating thermodynamic properties of individual species: NASA-TP-2002-211556[R]. NASA, 2002.

GNOFFO P A, GUPTA R N, SHINN J L. Conservation equations and physical models for hypersonic air flows in thermal and chemical nonequilibrium: NASA-TP-2867[R]. NASA, 1989.

BLOTTNER F, JOHNSON M, ELLIS M. Chemically reacting viscous flow program for multi-component gas mixtures: SC-RR-70-754[R]. Sandia Laboratories, 1971.

ANDERSON J D. Hypersonic and high-temperature gas dynamics[M]. 2nd ed. Reston, VA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006.

BIRD G A. Molecular gas dynamics and the direct simulation of gas flows[M]. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994.

GIMELSHEIN S, BOYD I, SUN Q, et al. DSMC modeling of vibration-translation energy transfer in hypersonic rarefied flows[C]// 33rd Thermophysics Conference, Norfolk, VA. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 1999: 3451.

Bondar Y A, Markelov G N, Gimelsein S F, Ivanov M S. DSMC modeling of near-continuum flow over a wedge with real gas effects[C]// 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, NV. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 2004: 1183.

BONDAR Y A, IVANOV M S. Resonant VV exchange in the DSMC method with the Larsen-Borgnakke model[C]// 40th Thermophysics Conference, Seattle, Washington. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 2008: 3918.

BONDAR Y A, TROTSYUK A V, IVANOV M S. DSMC modeling of the detonation wave structure in narrow channels[C]// 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, Florida. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 2009: 1568.

Bondar Y A, Shevyrin A A, Kashkovsky A V, Ivanov M S. DSMC modeling of high-temperature chemical reactions in air[C]// 42th AIAA Thermophysics Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii. Reston Vriginia: AIAA 2011: 3128.

LUTFY F M, MUNTZ E P. The pulsed electron beam fluorescence technique[R]. AIAA 2000−2487, 2000.

CATTOLICA R J. Electron-beam fluorescence measurements in hypersonic flows[C]// Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics Lecture Series, 1990.

LUFTY F M, MUNTZ E P . Initial experimental study of pulsed electron beam fluorescence[J ] . AIAA Journal, 1996 , 34 ( 3 ): 478 − 482 .

PARKER J G . Rotational and vibrational relaxation in diatomic gases[J ] . Physics of Fluids, 1959 , 2 ( 4 ): 449 − 462 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Study on hypersonic forebody transition characteristics based on the amplification factor transport model

Deep neural network-based reduced-order modeling of high-speed airfoil flow field

Uncertainty quantification of Menter SST turbulence model coefficients in hypersonic flow simulations

The rarefaction effects on the supersonic lateral jet/freestream interaction

Aerodynamic characteristics of high-pressure capturing wing configuration in multi-regime

Related Author

Huang Hexia

Liu Zaijie

Wang Chengyu

Wang Haiyang

Xu Yuan

CHEN Gang

KONG Yinan

LI Li

Related Institution

College of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing

School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an

Xi’an Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute, AVIG, Xi’an

Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Control for Flight Vehicle, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an

State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an

AI问答

⁰