
1. 空气动力学国家重点实验室,绵阳,621000
2. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 计算空气动力研究所,绵阳,621000
3. 西安交通大学 化学工程与技术学院,西安,710049
Published:2023
移动端阅览
李青, 涂国华, 李婷婷, 等. 高焓流动中的可压缩颗粒求解器(第1部分):考虑多物理效应的点力颗粒两相流理论方程[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2023, 41(8): 71−86.
LI Qing, TU Guohua, LI Tingting, et al. Particle solver in compressible high enthalpy flow (Part 1): the theoretical equations of point particle laden flow[J]. 2023, 41(8): 71-86.
李青, 涂国华, 李婷婷, 等. 高焓流动中的可压缩颗粒求解器(第1部分):考虑多物理效应的点力颗粒两相流理论方程[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2023, 41(8): 71−86. DOI: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0053
LI Qing, TU Guohua, LI Tingting, et al. Particle solver in compressible high enthalpy flow (Part 1): the theoretical equations of point particle laden flow[J]. 2023, 41(8): 71-86. DOI: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0053.
从含烧蚀颗粒的高超声速边界层到航空发动机燃烧室或火箭发动机燃烧室里的气液、气固两相燃烧等问题,都存在弥散相颗粒调制携带流体的两相耦合物理过程。尽管不可压颗粒两相流的理论、数值工具和实验都比较成熟,但可压缩颗粒两相流与不可压缩的情况是截然不同的。本文首先对可压缩颗粒两相流动力学和热力学进行理论研究,理论分析了经典的可压缩流体动力学和热力学方程,把颗粒动力学对不可压流动的调制理论修正拓展到了可压缩情况,发现了可压缩颗粒两相流特有的动量和能量调制无量纲参数;推导了考虑多物理效应的颗粒动力学方程,并将其与携带流体相的控制方程耦合。研究发现,尽管多物理效应下的颗粒动力学是复杂的,但其影响携带流体相的路径是唯一确定的,即:多物理效应的颗粒动力学仅能通过相间阻力调制携带流体相的动量,通过相间阻力做功和热对流调制携带流体相的能量。
Modulation of dispersed particles on the carrying fluid is a common phenomenon in aeronautic and aerospace engineering
including the ablation particle-laden boundary layer
the particles of solid fuel combustion in the rocket engine and the droplets of liquid fuel. Although theoretical
numerical and experimental studies on the particle laden incompressible flow have been well established
the particle laden compressible flow is distinctly different. In view of this
it is necessary to conduct a theoretical study on the dynamics and thermodynamics of particle laden compressible flow. We established the theoretical equations
and discovered the unique particle modulation parameters which are different from those of the incompressible counterpart. By considering the extreme mechanical environmental condition
the particle dynamic and thermodynamic equations have been derived and coupled to the governing equations of the carrying phase. It is found that
even with complicate multi-physics effects
the pathway of particle modulation on the compressible flow is deterministic
i.e.
the carrying fluid momentum is modulated by the drag force of particles
while the energy is exchanged due to the work done by the drag force as well as the thermal convection. The present study lays a theoretical foundation for developing the particle solver for compressible flow.
MOIN P, APTE S V. Large-eddy simulation of realistic gas turbine combustors[J]. AIAA Journal, 2006, 44(4): 698-708. DOI: 10.2514/1.14606http://dx. doi.org/10.2514/1.14606
ZHENG X J. Extreme mechanics[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2019, 51(4): 1266-1272. (in Chinese)
SHARMA A S, MCKEON B J. On coherent structure in wall turbulence[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2013, 728: 196-238. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2013.286https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.286
MONTY J P, CHONG M S. A review of recent investigations into high Reynolds number wall-turbulence[C]// Frontiers in Turbulence and Coherent Structures, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. doi: 10.1142/9789812771025_0010
ZHU H Y, PAN C, WANG G H, et al. Attached eddy-like particle clustering in a turbulent boundary layer under net sedimentation conditions[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2021, 920: A53. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2021.389https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.389
LI Y W, ZHANG B L, LI Y H, et al. Applications and prospects of magnetohydrodynamics in aeronautical engineering[J]. Advances in Mechanics, 2017, 47(1): 452-502. (in Chinese)
ZHU H Y, PAN C, WANG J J, et al. Sand-turbulence interaction in a high-Reynolds-number turbulent boundary layer under net sedimentation conditions[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2019, 119: 56-71. DOI: 10.1016/j. ijmultiphaseflow. 2019.07. 001http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2019.07.001
ZHOU T, ZHAO L H, HUANG W X, et al. Non-monotonic effect of mass loading on turbulence modulations in particle-laden channel flow[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2020, 32(4): 043304. DOI: 10.1063/5.0002114http://dx. doi.org/10.1063/5.0002114
YU Z S, XIA Y, GUO Y, et al. Modulation of turbulence intensity by heavy finite-size particles in upward channel flow[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2021, 913: A3. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2020.1140https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2020.1140
LI D, LUO K, FAN J R. Modulation of turbulence by dispersed solid particles in a spatially developing flat-plate boundary layer[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2016, 802: 359-394. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2016.406https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.406
DAI Q, LUO K, JIN T, et al. Direct numerical simulation of turbulence modulation by particles in compressible isotropic turbulence[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2017, 832: 438-482. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2017.672https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.672
SHEN J Q, PAN C, WANG J J. Accurate measurement of wall skin friction by single-pixel ensemble correlation[J]. Science China Physics, Mechanics Astronomy, 2014, 57(7): 1352-1362. DOI: 10.1007/s11433-014-5462-9http://dx. doi.org/10.1007/s11433-014-5462-9
ZHU W K, SHI M T, ZHU Y D, et al. Experimental study of hypersonic boundary layer transition on a permeable wall of a flared cone[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2020, 32(1): 011701. DOI: 10.1063/1.5139546http://dx. doi.org/10.1063/1.5139546
BAE H J, LOZANO-DURÁN A, BOSE S T, et al. Dynamic slip wall model for large-eddy simulation[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2019, 859: 400-432. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2018.838https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31631905/
CHEN S, SHI Y, XIAO Z, et al. Constrained large eddy simulation of wall-bounded turbulent flows with Massive separations[C]// Proceedings of the the 4th symposium on Hybrid RANS-LES methods, 2012.
PARK G I, BASSENNE M, URZAY J, et al. A simple dynamic subgrid-scale model for LES of particle-laden turbulence[J]. Physical Review Fluids, 2017, 2(4): 044301. DOI: 10.1103/physrevfluids. 2.044301https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevfluids.2.044301
JOHNSON P L, BASSENNE M, MOIN P. Turbophoresis of small inertial particles: theoretical considerations and application to wall-modelled large-eddy simulations[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2020, 883: A27. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2019.865https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.865
CHEN J Q. Advances in the key technologies of Chinese national numerical windtunnel project[J]. Scientia Sinica (Technologica), 2021, 51(11): 1326-1347(in Chinese).
CROWE C T, SCHWARZKOPF J D, SOMMERFELD M, et al. Multiphase Flows with Droplets and Particles[M]. CRC Press, 2011. doi: 10.1201/b11103
MARTIN J E, MEIBURG E. The accumulation and dispersion of heavy particles in forced two-dimensional mixing layers. I. The fundamental and subharmonic cases[J]. Physics of Fluids, 1994, 6(3): 1116-1132. DOI: 10.1063/1.868283http://dx. doi.org/10.1063/1.868283
MARCHIOLI C, ARMENIO V, SOLDATI A. Simple and accurate scheme for fluid velocity interpolation for Eulerian-Lagrangian computation of dispersed flows in 3D curvilinear grids[J]. Computers Fluids, 2007, 36(7): 1187-1198. DOI: 10.1016/j. compfluid. 2006.11. 004http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2006.11.004
ZHENG X J, WANG G H. Progresses and challenges of high Reynolds number wall-bounded turbulence[J]. Advances in Mechanics, 2020, 50(1): 1-49. (in Chinese)
WANG P, LI J C, ZHENG X J. The effect of gravity on turbulence modulation in particle-laden horizontal open channel flow[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2021, 33(8): 083315. DOI: 10.1063/5.0059136http://dx. doi.org/10.1063/5.0059136
HUBER N, SOMMERFELD M. Modelling and numerical calculation of dilute-phase pneumatic conveying in pipe systems[J]. Powder Technology, 1998, 99(1): 90-101. DOI: 10.1016/S0032-5910(98)00065-5http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(98)00065-5
BOIVIN M, SIMONIN O, SQUIRES K D. Direct numerical simulation of turbulence modulation by particles in isotropic turbulence[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1998, 375: 235-263. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112098002821https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112098002821
FÉVRIER P, SIMONIN O, SQUIRES K D. Partitioning of particle velocities in gas–solid turbulent flows into a continuous field and a spatially uncorrelated random distribution: theoretical formalism and numerical study[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2005, 533. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112005004088https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112005004088
WANG L P, WEXLER A S, ZHOU Y. Statistical mechanical description and modelling of turbulent collision of inertial particles[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2000, 415: 117-153. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112000008661https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112000008661
ZAMANSKY R, COLETTI F, MASSOT M, et al. Turbulent thermal convection driven by heated inertial particles[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2016, 809: 390-437. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2016.630https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.630
ZAMANSKY R, COLETTI F, MASSOT M, et al. Radiation-induced turbulence in particle-laden buoyant flows[C]// Proceedings of the Meeting of the Aps Division of Fluid Dynamics, 2012.
HORWITZ J A K, MANI A. Correction scheme for point-particle models applied to a nonlinear drag law in simulations of particle-fluid interaction[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2018, 101: 74-84. DOI: 10.1016/j. ijmultiphaseflow. 2018.01. 003http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2018.01.003
LI W P, FAN Y T, MODESTI D, et al. Decomposition of the mean skin-friction drag in compressible turbulent channel flows[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2019, 875: 101-123. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2019.499https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.499
尚庆, 沈清, 庄逢甘. 超声速气流中简化微小液滴的气动力与气动热及汽化问题分析[C]//高超声速科技学术会议会议, 2010.
SHANG Q, SHEN Q, ZHUANG F G. The study of the process of evaporation of simplified small droplet transversely injected in supersonic flow[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2011, 29(1): 1-9. (in Chinese)
TIAN B L, ZENG J S, MENG B Q, et al. Compressible multiphase particle-in-cell method (CMP-PIC) for full pattern flows of gas-particle system[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 2020, 418: 109602. DOI: 10.1016/j. jcp. 2020.109602http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2020.109602
GUO Y J, SHI W B, ZENG L, et al. Mechanism of ablative thermal protection applied to hypersonic vehicles[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2019 (in Chinese).
YU Z S, SHAO X M. A direct-forcing fictitious domain method for particulate flows[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 2007, 227(1): 292-314. DOI: 10.1016/j. jcp. 2007.07. 027http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2007.07.027
BALACHANDAR S, EATON J K. Turbulent dispersed multiphase flow[J]. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 2010, 42: 111-133. DOI: 10.1146/annurev. fluid. 010908.165243https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.010908.165243
SAFFMAN P G. The lift on a small sphere in a slow shear flow[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1965, 22(2): 385-400. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112065000824https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112065000824
MCLAUGHLIN J B. Inertial migration of a small sphere in linear shear flows[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1991, 224: 261-274. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112091001751https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112091001751
AUTON T. The dynamics of bubbles, drops and particles in motion in liquids[D]. University of Cambridge, 1984.
AUTON T R. The lift force on a spherical body in a rotational flow[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1987, 183: 199-218. DOI: 10.1017/s002211208700260xhttps://doi.org/10.1017/s002211208700260x
LEGENDRE D, MAGNAUDET J. A note on the lift force on a spherical bubble or drop in a low-Reynolds-number shear flow[J]. Physics of Fluids, 1997, 9(11): 3572-3574. DOI: 10.1063/1.869466http://dx. doi.org/10.1063/1.869466
LEGENDRE D, MAGNAUDET J. The lift force on a spherical bubble in a viscous linear shear flow[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1998, 368: 81-126. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112098001621https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112098001621
BASSET A B. Treatise on hydrodynamics[J]. Nature, 1889, 40(1035): 412-413. DOI: 10.1038/040412a0https://www.nature.com/articles/040412a0
MEI R W, ADRIAN R J. Flow past a sphere with an oscillation in the free-stream velocity and unsteady drag at finite Reynolds number[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1992, 237: 323-341. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112092003434https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112092003434
RUBINOW S I, KELLER J B. The transverse force on a spinning sphere moving in a viscous fluid[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1961, 11(3): 447. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112061000640https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112061000640
SAFFMAN P. Vortex dynamics [M]//Theoretical Approaches to Turbulence. New York: Springer Science Business Media, 1985: 263–277.
WU J Z. Introduction to vorticity and vortex dynamics[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1993 (in Chinese).
AUTON T R, HUNT J C R, PRUD'HOMME M. The force exerted on a body in inviscid unsteady non-uniform rotational flow[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1988, 197: 241-257. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112088003246https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112088003246
LI Q, ABBAS M, MORRIS J F, et al. Near-wall dynamics of a neutrally buoyant spherical particle in an axisymmetric stagnation point flow[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2020, 892: A32. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2020.185https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2020.185
LAMB H. Hydrodynamics [M]. Cambridge University Press, 1993: 181–185.
KU X K, WANG J, CHEN T, et al. Cfd studies of biomass thermochemical conversion[J]. Mechanics in Engineering, 2021, 43(5): 663-673. (in Chinese)
LI Q, TU G H, YU Z S, et al. Inertial particle transport in non-uniform accelerated flow[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(S1): 168-184. (in Chinese)
ZHENG X J. Electrification of wind-blown sand: recent advances and key issues[J]. The European Physical Journal E, Soft Matter, 2013, 36(12): 138. DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2013-13138-4https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24326904/
HU W W. A study on charging mechanism of sand grains and charge-to-mass ratio in wind-blown saltation[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2012 (in Chinese).
HEALY D P, YOUNG J B. An experimental and theoretical study of particle deposition due to thermophoresis and turbulence in an annular flow[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2010, 36(11-12): 870-881. DOI: 10.1016/j. ijmultiphaseflow. 2010.07. 006http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2010.07.006
薛元, 姚强, 彭晓峰, 等. 超细颗粒所受热泳力的机理研究综述[C]// 中国工程热物理学会第十届年会传热传质学学术会议, 2001.
TALBOT L, CHENG R K, SCHEFER R W, et al. Thermophoresis of particles in a heated boundary layer[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1980, 101(4): 737-758. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112080001905https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112080001905
REN Y, SHEN Y, WANG P, et al. Simulation of interaction between shocks and particle cloud using a second-order conservative sharp interface method[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 2021, 439: 110410. DOI: 10.1016/j. jcp. 2021.110410http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2021.110410
SOMMERFELD M. Modelling of particle-wall collisions in confined gas-particle flows[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1992, 18(6): 905-926. DOI: 10.1016/0301-9322(92)90067-Qhttp://dx. doi.org/10.1016/0301-9322(92)90067-Q
SOMMERFELD M, HUBER N. Experimental analysis and modelling of particle-wall collisions[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1999, 25(6-7): 1457-1489. DOI: 10.1016/S0301-9322(99)00047-6http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9322(99)00047-6
LAÍN S, SOMMERFELD M. Euler/Lagrange computations of pneumatic conveying in a horizontal channel with different wall roughness[J]. Powder Technology, 2008, 184(1): 76-88. DOI: 10.1016/j. powtec. 2007.08. 013http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2007.08.013
KIM J, MOIN P, MOSER R. Turbulence statistics in fully developed channel flow at low Reynolds number[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1987, 177: 133-166. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112087000892https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112087000892
CHEN X, DONG S W, TU G H, et al. Boundary layer transition and linear modal instabilities of hypersonic flow over a lifting body[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2022, 938: A8. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2021.1125https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.1125
MARCHIOLI C. Large-eddy simulation of turbulent dispersed flows: a review of modelling approaches[J]. Acta Mechanica, 2017, 228(3): 741-771. DOI: 10.1007/s00707-017-1803-xhttp://dx. doi.org/10.1007/s00707-017-1803-x
YU W C, FEDE P, YAZDANPANAH M, et al. Gas-solid fluidized bed simulations using the filtered approach: validation against pilot-scale experiments[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2020, 217: 115472. DOI: 10.1016/j. ces. 2020.115472http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2020.115472
WANG W K, PAN C, WANG J J. Quasi-bivariate variational mode decomposition as a tool of scale analysis in wall-bounded turbulence[J]. Experiments in Fluids, 2017, 59(1): 1-18. DOI: 10.1007/s00348-017-2450-7http://dx. doi.org/10.1007/s00348-017-2450-7
HENDERSON C B. Drag coefficients of spheres in continuum and rarefied flows[J]. AIAA Journal, 1976, 14(6): 707-708. DOI: 10.2514/3.61409http://dx. doi.org/10.2514/3.61409
LOTH E. Compressibility and rarefaction effects on drag of a spherical particle[J]. AIAA Journal, 2008, 46(9): 2219-2228. DOI: 10.2514/1.28943http://dx. doi.org/10.2514/1.28943
BAILEY A B, STARR R F. Sphere drag at transonic speeds and high Reynolds numbers[J]. AIAA Journal, 1976, 14(11): 1631. DOI: 10.2514/3.7262http://dx. doi.org/10.2514/3.7262
JOURDAN G, HOUAS L, IGRA O, et al. Drag coefficient of a sphere in a non-stationary flow: new results[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2007, 463(2088): 3323-3345. DOI: 10.1098/rspa. 2007.0058https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2007.0058
LI R Y, CHEN F G, GE W, et al. Drag coefficients of flows past a sphere at high Mach numbers and low Reynolds numbers[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2021, 39(3): 201-208. (in Chinese)
PARMAR M, HASELBACHER A, BALACHANDAR S. Improved drag correlation for spheres and application to shock-tube experiments[J]. AIAA Journal, 2010, 48(6): 1273-1276. DOI: 10.2514/1. J050161http://dx. doi.org/10.2514/1.J050161
CARLSON D J, HOGLUND R F. Particle drag and heat transfer in rocket nozzles[J]. AIAA Journal, 1964, 2(11): 1980-1984. DOI: 10.2514/3.2714http://dx. doi.org/10.2514/3.2714
XIAO W, JIN T, LUO K, et al. Eulerian–Lagrangian direct numerical simulation of preferential accumulation of inertial particles in a compressible turbulent boundary layer[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2020, 903: A19. DOI: 10.1017/jfm. 2020.601https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2020.601
王高雄. 常微分方程(第二版)[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 1983 (in Chinese).
TANAKA T, EATON J K. Classification of turbulence modification by dispersed spheres using a novel dimensionless number[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2008, 101(11): 114502. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett. 101.114502https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18851286/
李存标, 佘振苏. 湍流级串的动力学过程[C]//钱学森技术科学思想与力学论文集, 2001.
TOWNSEND A A. Equilibrium layers and wall turbulence[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1961, 11(1): 97-120. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112061000883https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112061000883
PERRY A E, CHONG M S. On the mechanism of wall turbulence[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1982, 119: 173-217. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112082001311https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112082001311
WU X H, MOIN P. Direct numerical simulation of turbulence in a nominally zero-pressure-gradient flat-plate boundary layer[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2009, 630: 5-41. DOI: 10.1017/s0022112009006624https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009006624
0
Views
0
下载量
0
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024621