Reivew of active wake control for horizontal-axis wind turbines

ZONG Haohua; SUN Enbo

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0249

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Reivew of active wake control for horizontal-axis wind turbines

更新时间：2026-05-28

- Reivew of active wake control for horizontal-axis wind turbines
- Vol. 40, Issue 4, Pages: 51-68(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安,710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0249
  CLC： TM315
- Published：2022
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
宗豪华, 孙恩博. 水平轴风力机主动尾流控制综述[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2022, 40(4): 51−68.

ZONG Haohua, SUN Enbo. Reivew of active wake control for horizontal-axis wind turbines[J]. 2022, 40(4): 51-68.
宗豪华, 孙恩博. 水平轴风力机主动尾流控制综述[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2022, 40(4): 51−68. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0249

ZONG Haohua, SUN Enbo. Reivew of active wake control for horizontal-axis wind turbines[J]. 2022, 40(4): 51-68. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0249.

摘要

对于大型风电场而言，由尾流干扰引起的产能损失最高可达30%～40%。主动尾流控制（AWC）技术通过上游风力机的偏航来诱导尾流侧向偏转，以减弱对后排风力机的尾流干扰、增加风电场的总产能，应用前景极其广阔。本文从无偏航风力机尾流模型、偏航风力机尾流模型、多风力机尾流叠加方法和风电场产能优化四个角度，综述了AWC技术在过去近20年的研究进展，并对该技术走向工程应用中所亟需解决的问题进行了展望。整体来看，该项技术已经基本成熟。研究人员从最初的理论、仿真和风洞实验研究，走向了实际风电场的效果验证。在理论预测层面，高斯尾流亏损模型、基于旋涡诱导横向速度的一次和二次尾流偏转模型、具备动量守恒特性的尾流叠加方法正在成为风电场产能预测的标配。实际工程应用层面，风力机间距、排数、湍流度、大气边界层热稳定性、风向和风速变化均会影响AWC所带来的产能收益；典型条件下，应用AWC技术后，全尾流干扰风向上的风电场产能可提高约5%～15%，各个风向平均后的年均收益约为1%～3%。

Abstract

Large-scale wind farms with multiple rows of horizontal-axis wind turbines suffer from significant power losses (30%-40%) due to wake interactions. To deal with this situation

the yaw-based active wake control (AWC) has been proposed. The principle of AWC is to yaw the upstream wind turbines so that the wake can be deflected away from the turbine row

which hopefully will lead to a net gain of the total wind farm power production. In this paper

the progress of the AWC technique in the past decade is reviewed from four aspects: wake models of single non-yawed wind turbine

wake models of single yawed wind turbine

wake superposition methods for multiple wind turbines

and wind farm power optimization. Meanwhile

issues needed to be addressed before being applied to engineering are summarized. Based on these reviews

it is fair to conclude that the AWC technique is more or less mature now

in the sense that earlier laboratory results from analytical modeling

numerical simulations

and wind tunnel studies have been successfully applied to field tests of commercial wind farms

and significant improvement of the net power gain has been obtained. In terms of theoretical progress

EPFL Gaussian wake models

primary and secondary wake deflection models based on the vortex-induced cross-wind velocities

momentum-conserving wake superposition laws are increasingly becoming the standard in the wind farm power prediction. Regarding practical engineering

it has been found that a whole bunch of parameters such as turbine rows

streamwise turbine spacing

turbulence intensity

thermal instability of atmospheric boundary layer

wind speed

and direction variability can affect the magnitude of net power gain in the active wake control. According to recent field tests performed by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL

US) and Stanford University

AWC is able to improve the total wind farm power production by 5%-15% if the wind direction is aligned with turbine rows

and when these net power gains are averaged over all wind directions

an increase of 1%-3% in the wind farm efficiency is expected.

关键词

Keywords

references

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Unsteady characteristics of wake effect for multiple wind turbines under gust wind condition

Nonlinear aeroelastic response analysis of 100-meter-scale flexible wind turbine blades

Related Author

JIANG Bowen

WANG Linkai

HUI Yi

PAN Fanfan

XIANG Qian

LIU Yong

ZHANG Yihui

SHEN Jiaye

Related Institution

Research and Development Center of Dongfang Electric Group Dongfang Motor Co., Deyang

School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing

China Aviation Research Institute, Beijing

School of Aircraft Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang

新疆新能集团有限责任公司乌鲁木齐电力建设调试所

AI问答

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