The inflation process and safety analyses of a parachute ejected from civil aircrafts

ZHANG Yantai; SUN Jianhong; HOU Bin; XU Changyue; FENG Chuanqi

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0010

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The inflation process and safety analyses of a parachute ejected from civil aircrafts

更新时间：2026-05-28

- The inflation process and safety analyses of a parachute ejected from civil aircrafts
- Vol. 40, Issue 2, Pages: 79-87(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 南京航空航天大学飞行器环境控制与生命保障工业和信息化部重点实验室,南京,210016
  2. 南京航空航天大学民航学院,南京,211106
  3. 中国飞行试验研究院,西安,710089
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0010
  CLC： V244.2
- Published：2022
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张延泰, 孙建红, 侯斌, 等. 民机弹射降落伞离机充气过程和安全分析[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2022, 40(2): 79−87.

ZHANG Yantai, SUN Jianhong, HOU Bin, et al. The inflation process and safety analyses of a parachute ejected from civil aircrafts[J]. 2022, 40(2): 79-87.
张延泰, 孙建红, 侯斌, 等. 民机弹射降落伞离机充气过程和安全分析[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2022, 40(2): 79−87. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0010

ZHANG Yantai, SUN Jianhong, HOU Bin, et al. The inflation process and safety analyses of a parachute ejected from civil aircrafts[J]. 2022, 40(2): 79-87. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0010.

摘要

当降落伞牵引小质量负荷（应急数据记录系统）从大型民用飞机机身下方弹射离机时，不同于弹体等刚性物体，柔性伞衣充气过程中剐蹭机身等安全隐患更大。为了研究弹射降落伞离机充气过程气动特性和运动轨迹，采用任意拉格朗日-欧拉（arbitrary Lagrange Euler

ALE）方法，对不同来流速度和角度条件下的降落伞开伞过程、气动特性和流场特性进行了数值模拟，分析了来流速度和角度对伞衣充气过程的影响。结果表明：当伞衣贴近或挤压机身时，伞衣侧面剪切层和近尾迹区中的涡运动都会受到机身影响，但降落伞不会完全失效，这时伞衣投影面积相对较小，充气过程的动载峰值变小。同时，在 40～160 m/s来流速度、临界来流迎角下，给出了降落伞可安全弹射离机的来流条件，为分离式飞机应急记录跟踪系统设计提供了理论支持。

Abstract

The ejectable emergency flight data recorder equipped with a parachute show promising prospects in aircraft safety and rescue. However

compared to rigid objects

the flexible canopy of an ejected parachute during its inflation process is more likely to collide with the fuselage

which brings potential safety hazards. Therefore

the aerodynamic characteristics and trajectories of a parachute ejected from a civil aircraft are studied numerically by the Arbitrary Lagrange Euler method (ALE). The effects of the free-stream conditions

i.e.

the velocity and angle of attack on the parachute inflation process

aerodynamic characteristics

and flow fields are analyzed. Results show that when the parachute is close to the fuselage

the shear layers and vortical motions around the canopy are modified by the fuselage. Nevertheless

the parachute does not fail completely. Meanwhile

the projected area and opening load of the canopy are relatively small. The critical angle of attack of at the free-stream with velocity bewteen 40 m/s and 160 m/s is obtained. The safety condition for ejections is given at last. This work provides a theoretical support for the design of ejectable flight data recording and emergency tracking systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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