An analysis of current status and prospects of CFD based simulation of rotorcrafts

XIAO Zhongyun; GUO Yongheng; ZHANG Lu; CUI Xingda

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0067

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An analysis of current status and prospects of CFD based simulation of rotorcrafts

更新时间：2026-05-28

- An analysis of current status and prospects of CFD based simulation of rotorcrafts
- Vol. 39, Issue 4, Pages: 14-25(2021)
- 作者机构：
  
  中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所,绵阳,621000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0067
  CLC： V211.3;V212.4
- Published：2021
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
肖中云, 郭永恒, 张露, 等. 直升机CFD仿真现状与发展趋势分析[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2021, 39(4): 14−25.

XIAO Zhongyun, GUO Yongheng, ZHANG Lu, et al. An analysis of current status and prospects of CFD based simulation of rotorcrafts[J]. 2021, 39(4): 14-25.
肖中云, 郭永恒, 张露, 等. 直升机CFD仿真现状与发展趋势分析[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2021, 39(4): 14−25. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0067

XIAO Zhongyun, GUO Yongheng, ZHANG Lu, et al. An analysis of current status and prospects of CFD based simulation of rotorcrafts[J]. 2021, 39(4): 14-25. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0067.

摘要

传统直升机气动设计较多依赖升力线理论、涡流理论等工程分析方法，高性能计算使采用CFD方法开展“第一性原理”仿真成为可能。本文从旋翼运动特点出发介绍了直升机区别于固定翼飞机的一些特殊计算方法，指出当前CFD方法在直升机实际应用中存在的不足。在此基础上，探讨了国外先进直升机CFD软件的发展策略与技术途径，从多求解器耦合、网格动态自适应技术、高阶格式与湍流模型的选取、多学科耦合求解等四个方面分析了这些软件的特点与技术优势。最后就如何适应未来发展需要，提出了直升机CFD能力建设方面的几点建议。分析表明，直升机由于旋翼运动具有与操纵输入、结构变形相耦合的特点，分部件及单学科的CFD分析方法与真实飞行状态存在偏差，多学科耦合分析与旋翼尾迹的精细模拟应当是软件未来发展的重点。

Abstract

Traditionally

the aerodynamic design of rotorcrafts relies heavily on engineering analysis methods such as lift line or vortex theory. Nowadays

however

high-performance computing makes the high-fidelity first principle simulation possible by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. Based on the characteristics of rotor motions

some particular CFD methods are introduced and compared with those for fixed wings

and the shortcomings of current CFD in engineering applications are pointed out. On this basis

the development strategies and technical routines of foreign advanced helicopter CFD softwares are discussed

whose numerical methods and related technique merits are analyzed from multiple aspects including multi-solver coupling

dynamically adaptive mesh refinement

high-order schemes

turbulence models

and multi-disciplinary coupling analyses. Lastly

some suggestions on rotorcraft simulations are put forward to satisfy future needs. Due to the coupling between rotor motions and control inputs as well as structural deformations

results of CFD simulations in the way of part-by-part analyses or single-disciplinary modeling deviate from actual flight states. Therefore

future softwares of rotorcrafts should focus on multi-disciplinary coupled solutions and high resolution of rotor wakes.

关键词

Keywords

references

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