Wall-bounded turbulence at high Reynolds numbers is one of the most important problems in engineering design and applications
and its high efficiency and high precision simulation method has always been one of the most important research realms in turbulence research. Constrained large eddy simulation (CLES) is one of the new simulation methods proposed in recent years. Differently from the traditional hybrid RANS/LES method
the CLES method performs a LES calculation in the whole field. In the inner region near the wall
it uses the constrained subgrid-scale model
while in the outer region
it uses the traditional subgrid-scale model. With nearly 10 years' efforts
the CLES method has been verified in incompressible/compressible attached wall-bounded flows and incompressible/compressible separated flow. Further-more
it has also been successfully used to simulate the complex flows in the aviation field. In this paper
the basic principle of the CLES method will first be reviewed
followed by some discussions on the CLES implementations. Finally
some possible future research directions on the CLES method are summarized.
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references
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