Genetic responses of coalbed methane in different types of coal-bearing basins and their geological implications

鲍园; 陈雪茹; 琚宜文; 徐凤银; 侯恩科

doi:10.7623/syxb202512006

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Genetic responses of coalbed methane in different types of coal-bearing basins and their geological implications

更新时间：2026-02-02

- Genetic responses of coalbed methane in different types of coal-bearing basins and their geological implications
- ACTA PETROLEI SINICA Vol. 46, Issue 12, Pages: 2286-2300(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安科技大学地质与环境学院,陕西,西安,710054
  2. 西安科技大学煤炭绿色开采地质研究院,陕西,西安,710054
  3. 地球系统数值模拟与应用全国重点实验室中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院,北京,101408
  4. 成都理工大学能源学院(页岩气现代产业学院),四川,成都,610059
  5. 成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室,四川,成都,610059
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7623/syxb202512006
  CLC： TE132.2
- Published Online：09 January 2026，
  
  Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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鲍园, 陈雪茹, 琚宜文, 徐凤银, 侯恩科. 不同类型含煤盆地煤层气的成因响应及其地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(12): 2286-2300.

鲍园, 陈雪茹, 琚宜文, et al. Genetic responses of coalbed methane in different types of coal-bearing basins and their geological implications[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(12): 2286-2300.
鲍园, 陈雪茹, 琚宜文, 徐凤银, 侯恩科. 不同类型含煤盆地煤层气的成因响应及其地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(12): 2286-2300. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202512006.

鲍园, 陈雪茹, 琚宜文, et al. Genetic responses of coalbed methane in different types of coal-bearing basins and their geological implications[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(12): 2286-2300. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202512006.

摘要

煤层气是一种环境友好型非常规天然气资源

其成因类型及分布规律与盆地构造类型密切相关。基于中国17个典型含煤盆地2 422件煤层气样品的气体组分和稳定同位素组成特征

分析了不同含煤盆地煤层气的成因类型、分布规律和富集模式。煤层气主要包括生物成因气、热成因气和混合成因气3种成因类型。生物成因型煤层气主要分布在克拉通盆地边缘的浅层区域或断陷盆地的断裂带附近

其最大埋深小于1 800 m

煤岩镜质体反射率(

)小于0.5%;热成因型煤层气主要分布在克拉通盆地深部或前陆盆地的中—深部构造单元

其最大埋深超过3 600 m

煤岩

大于1.5%;混合成因型煤层气广泛分布于各类盆地的中—浅部

其最大埋深为1 800~3 600 m

煤岩

为0.5%~1.5%。综合不同成因类型煤层气的分布规律和不同盆地的构造演化背景

建立了不同盆地类型的煤层气富集模式:①在克拉通盆地建立了凹陷中心、斜坡带、边缘逆冲推覆构造的煤层气富集模式;②在前陆盆地建立了冲断带断层下盘、前渊斜坡带浅层、前缘隆起带圈闭的煤层气富集模式;③在断陷盆地建立了洼槽区和斜坡区的煤层气富集模式。基于盆地类型与煤层气成因机制提出了煤层气差异化勘探与开发策略:①针对前陆盆地浅层斜坡带和断陷盆地洼槽区与斜坡区的低阶煤生物成因型煤层气或混合成因型煤层气富集区

可探索微生物增产技术或注水工艺优化;②针对克拉通盆地凹陷中心的深部热成因型煤层气富集区

宜采用超临界CO

压裂等高效改造技术。研究认识对于不同地质背景下煤层气的资源评价与开发部署具有重要指导与参考意义。

Abstract

Coalbed methane (CBM) is an environmentally friendly unconventional natural gas resource

and its genesis types and distribution patterns are closely linked with the basin structure. Based on gas composition and stable isotope data from 2 422 CBM samples collected fr

om 17 typical coal-bearing basins in China

this study analyzes the genetic types

distribution patterns

and enrichment models of CBM in different types of coal-bearing basins CBM mainly includes biogenic gas

thermogenic gas

and mixed gas. Biogenic CBM is primarily distributed in shallow zones along the margins of cratonic basins or near fault zones within rift basins

with maximum burial depths of less than 1 800 m and vitrinite reflectance (R

) values below 0.5%. Thermogenic CBM is mainly found in deep zones of craton basin or in the middle-to-deep structural units of foreland basin

characterized by maximum burial depths exceeding 3 600 m and R

values greater than 1.5%. Mixed CBM is widely distributed in the middle-to-shallow zones of various types of basins

with maximum burial depths ranging from 1 800 m to 3 600 m and Ro values between 0.5%and 1.5%. By integrating the distribution patterns of different genetic types of CBM with the tectonic evolution of various basins

enrichment models for different types of basins were established. (1) In craton basin

hydrocarbons accumulate in depression centers

slope belts

and marginal thrust-nappe structures. (2) In foreland basin

the enrichment areas include the lower plate of thrust faults in thrust belt

shallow slope zones in foredeep

and traps within foreland uplift zone. (3) In rift basin

hydrocarbons are enriched in trough areas and slope zones. Based on basin types and CBM genetic mechanisms

differentiated exploration and development strategies are proposed. (1) For enrichment zones of biogenic or mixed CBM in low-rank coals

such as shallow slope belts in foreland basin and trough or slope areas in rift basin

microbial stimulation techniques or optimized water-injection processes may be explored. (2) For enrichment zones of deep thermogenic CBM in the depression centers of craton basin

high-efficiency stimulation technologies such as supercritical CO

fracturing are recommended. These findings provide significant g

uidance and reference for CBM resource evaluation and development deployment across different geological settings.

关键词

Keywords

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