Numerical simulation method for multiphase and multicomponent flow in ultra-low permeability and tight oil reservoirs based on discrete fracture model

Cao Bao; Mi Lidong; Xie Kun; Lu Xiangguo; Wen Guofeng; Tian Fuchun

doi:10.7623/syxb202504007

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Numerical simulation method for multiphase and multicomponent flow in ultra-low permeability and tight oil reservoirs based on discrete fracture model

更新时间：2025-12-13

- Numerical simulation method for multiphase and multicomponent flow in ultra-low permeability and tight oil reservoirs based on discrete fracture model
- ACTA PETROLEI SINICA Vol. 46, Issue 4, Pages: 763-778(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司,海南,海口,570311
  2. 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京,100083
  3. 东北石油大学提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室,黑龙江,大庆,163318
  4. 中国石油大港油田公司石油工程研究院,天津,300280
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7623/syxb202504007
  CLC： E348
- Published Online：10 May 2025，
  
  Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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曹豹, 糜利栋, 谢坤, 卢祥国, 闻国峰, 田福春. 基于离散裂缝模型的特低渗-致密油藏多相多组分渗流数值模拟方法[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(4): 763-778.

Cao Bao, Mi Lidong, Xie Kun, et al. Numerical simulation method for multiphase and multicomponent flow in ultra-low permeability and tight oil reservoirs based on discrete fracture model[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(4): 763-778.
曹豹, 糜利栋, 谢坤, 卢祥国, 闻国峰, 田福春. 基于离散裂缝模型的特低渗-致密油藏多相多组分渗流数值模拟方法[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(4): 763-778. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202504007.

Cao Bao, Mi Lidong, Xie Kun, et al. Numerical simulation method for multiphase and multicomponent flow in ultra-low permeability and tight oil reservoirs based on discrete fracture model[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(4): 763-778. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202504007.

摘要

特低渗-致密油藏采用大规模压裂和注水/化学剂增能的开发模式给数值模拟技术带来了新的挑战。通过离散裂缝模型表征复杂裂缝网络

考虑储层应力敏感和非线性渗流特征

耦合表面活性剂和盐的吸附、扩散效应以及二者作用下毛细管压力、相渗曲线和渗透压变化等机理

建立多相多组分渗流数学模型。通过自适应网格剖分方法实现裂缝显式表征

采用有限体积方法进行求解

“直井注—压裂水平井采”测试模型的模拟结果与商业软件计算结果一致

建立的基于离散裂缝模型的多相多组分渗流模型实现了复杂裂缝网络影响下特低渗-致密油藏开发模拟。研究结果表明

当基质和裂缝应力敏感较强时

储层压力的大幅降低将导致油井产能显著下降。特低渗-致密油藏开发应考虑储层非线性渗流特征

以准确评估开发动用范围和油井产能。通过添加表面活性剂适当降低油水界面张力

可提高增能渗吸效果。低矿化度引起的渗透压作用可在一定程度上提高增能渗吸效果

但增油效果有限。

Abstract

Numerical simulation technologies faces new challenges from the development of ultra-low permeability and tight oil reservoirs by large-scale fracturing and water/chemical injection for enhanced recovery. A discrete fracture model is used to characterize the complex fracture network; on this basis

a multiphase and multicomponent flow mathematical model has been established when considering reservoir stress sensitivity and nonlinear flow characteristics

and coupling the machanisms of the surfactants/salts adsorption and diffusion effects and their impacts on capillary pressure

relative permeability curves

and osmotic pressure variations. The explicit characterization of fractures is achieved using an adaptive grid refinement method

and the mode is solved by the finite volume method. The simulation results of the "vertical well injection with fractured horizontal well production" test model are consistent with the results from commercial software. The multiphase and multicomponent flow model established based on the discrete fracture model can successfully simulate the development of ultra-low permeability and tight oil reservoirs under the influence of complex fracture networks. The results show that when the matrix and fractures exhibit high stress sensitivity

a significant drop in reservoir pressure will lead to a substantial decline in well productivity. The development of ultra-low permeability and tight oil reservoirs has to consider the nonlinear flow characteristics of reservoirs

so as to accurately evaluate the development range and well productivity. To appropriately reduce the oil-water interfacial tension through surfactant addition can improve the energy-enhanced imbibition efficiency. The osmotic pressure effect induced by low salinity can improve the energy-enhanced imbibition to a certain extent

whereas the incremental oil recovery is limited.

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references

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