Adaptive Continuous Sliding Mode Control of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Fuel Cells

ZHANG Weiqi; SONG Kai; SUN Chuanyu; PING Fan; LI Heran

doi:10.7500/AEPS20250831013

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Adaptive Continuous Sliding Mode Control of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Fuel Cells

Basic Research | 更新时间：2026-09-22

- Adaptive Continuous Sliding Mode Control of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Fuel Cells
- Automation of Electric Power Systems Vol. 50, Issue 18, Pages: 143-154(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.哈尔滨工业大学电气工程及自动化学院，黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  2.国电南瑞科技股份有限公司，江苏省南京市 211106
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7500/AEPS20250831013
  CLC：
- Received：31 August 2025，
  
  Revised：2026-02-12，
  
  Online First：06 July 2026，
  
  Published：25 September 2026
- 稿件说明：
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张伟琦,宋凯,孙传禹等.基于燃料电池的混合储能系统自适应连续滑模控制[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(18):143-154.

ZHANG Weiqi,SONG Kai,SUN Chuanyu,et al.Adaptive Continuous Sliding Mode Control of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Fuel Cells[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(18):143-154.
张伟琦,宋凯,孙传禹等.基于燃料电池的混合储能系统自适应连续滑模控制[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(18):143-154. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20250831013.

ZHANG Weiqi,SONG Kai,SUN Chuanyu,et al.Adaptive Continuous Sliding Mode Control of Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Fuel Cells[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(18):143-154. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20250831013.

摘要

传统汽车在消耗化石燃料时排放大量碳、氮氧化物，影响空气质量，而利用可再生能源的燃料电池混合动力电动汽车(FCHEV)凭借其环保优势日渐受到市场青睐。FCHEV的稳定运行依赖于混合储能系统(HESS)的能量持续管理。为此，针对由燃料电池、混合光电化学电池和光伏电池、蓄电池及超级电容组成的FCHEV-HESS，提出了一种结构简单的自适应连续滑模控制策略，以提升FCHEV-HESS的能量转换效率与鲁棒性。首先，建立基于直流母线的HESS内部模型，通过功率守恒分析各模块输出电流特性。然后，依据FCHEV负载变化，设计HESS能量管理策略，实现对FCHEV复杂行驶工况的可持续供能。接着，引入自适应增益与超螺旋滑模算法设计各模块控制器，以动态调节HESS直流母线电压与负载电流。最后，在搭建的硬件在环实验平台上验证了所提策略的有效性。结果表明，所提方法相较于传统滑模策略，能够使FCHEV-HESS的电流响应速度提升29.5%，应对连续车速变化时的电流跟踪误差降低44.2%。

Abstract

Traditional cars consume fossil fuels while emitting large amounts of carbon and nitrogen oxides

which affects air quality. In contrast

fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FCHEV) powered by renewable energy sources are gaining increasing market favor due to their environmental advantages. The stable operation of FCHEV relies on the sustainable management of energy in its hybrid energy storage system (HESS). To this end

a structurally simple adaptive continuous sliding mode control strategy is proposed for a FCHEV-HESS consisting of fuel cells

hybrid photoelectrochemical cells

photovoltaic cells

batteries

and supercapacitors

aiming to improve energy conversion efficiency and robustness. First

a DC-bus-based internal model of the HESS is established

and the output current characteristics of each module are analyzed via power conservation. Then

a HESS energy management strategy is designed according to FCHEV load variations to achieve sustainable power supply under complex driving conditions. Next

adaptive gains and a super-twisting sliding mode algorithm are introduced to design controllers for each module

dynamically regulating the DC-bus voltage and load currents of the HESS. Finally

a hardware-in-the-loop experimental platform is built to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Results show that

compared with conventional sliding mode strategies

the proposed method improves the current response speed of the FCHEV-HESS by 29.5% and reduces the current tracking error under continuous speed variations by 44.2%.

关键词

Keywords

references

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