SUN Chao,LIU Lu,ZHANG Xiaohu,et al.Source-Grid Coordinated Planning Method Considering Hybrid Multi-infeed DC Equivalent Short-circuit Ratio Constraints[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(18):117-128.
SUN Chao,LIU Lu,ZHANG Xiaohu,et al.Source-Grid Coordinated Planning Method Considering Hybrid Multi-infeed DC Equivalent Short-circuit Ratio Constraints[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(18):117-128.DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20250327002.
Source-Grid Coordinated Planning Method Considering Hybrid Multi-infeed DC Equivalent Short-circuit Ratio Constraints
As the scale of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) expands
the short-circuit ratio of the receiving-end power system gradually approaches or exceeds its critical value
which may easily trigger DC commutation failures and other issues
thereby endangering the stable operation of the power system. Coordinated planning of source and grid can effectively improve system stability by rationally deploying power sources and lines. To address this problem
this paper proposes a source-grid coordinated planning method considering the hybrid multi-infeed DC equivalent short-circuit ratio (ESCR) constraints. First
the explicit expression of the critical equivalent short-circuit ratio (CESCR) is derived based on the coupling relationship between nodal voltage sensitivity factors with respect to active and reactive power and the CESCR
and an ESCR constraint model is established. Second
by coupling the source-grid coordinated planning model
the evaluation model of short-circuit ratio
and the generation model of short-circuit ratio constraint cut
a coordinated planning model of source and grid with adaptive ESCR adjustment capability is developed. Verification results on the IEEE 24-bus test system and a practical regional power system demonstrate that CESCR can accurately quantify the voltage support capability of hybrid multi-infeed DC. The short-circuit ratio level of the receiver-end system can be elevated by optimizing the network topology
while the coordinated planning scheme of source and grid can optimize power output of generating units and reduce system operating costs.
Xin Baoan , Guo Mingqun , Wang Shaowu , et al . Friendly HVDC transmission technologies for large-scale renewable energy and their engineering practice [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2021 , 45 ( 22 ): 1 - 8 .
Zheng Chao , Su Zhida , Lü Sizhuo . Disturbed characteristics analysis and stability control strategy of MMC-HVDC grid-connected system with GFM-MMC [J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment , 2025 , 45 ( 4 ): 125 - 132 .
Lin Y H , Wang B , Guo Q L , et al . Short-circuit ratio and short-term voltage security constrained unit commitment in high wind power-penetrated power systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , 2024 , 39 ( 4 ): 5631 - 5644 .
Qin Jianru , Li Haibo , Sun Yiqian , et al . Optimal method of minimum start-up mode for conventional units considering new energy limit grid-connection strength constraint [J]. Power System Protection and Control , 2023 , 51 ( 16 ): 127 - 135 .
Wang Fan , Zhao Luxin , Lu Pengcheng , et al . A power operation interval control method for flexible DC transmission system under low short-circuit ratio [J]. Power System and Clean Energy , 2024 , 40 ( 9 ): 13 - 20 .
Zhou Yuqing , Yao Wei , Zong Qihang , et al . Optimal configuration of grid-following/grid-forming switchable units in new energy stations based on operating short-circuit ratio [J]. Power System Technology , 2024 , 48 ( 3 ): 1091 - 1104 .
Ma Ding , Tang Kexuan , Qiao Huanghuang , et al . Adaptive islanding control method applied to AC/DC power systems aiming at maintaining the power supply of crucial loads [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE , 2019 , 39 ( 11 ): 3149 - 3159 .
Xin Huanhai , Wang Yuxuan , Liu Chenxi , et al . Estimation of capacity ratios between grid-forming and grid-following converters for improving the stability of renewable energy stations [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE , 2024 , 44 ( 14 ): 5463 - 5473 .
Sun Rongfu , Yuan Hui , Wang Xiaolu , et al . Assessment method for accommodable renewable energy capacity of grid considering small-signal synchronous stability constraints [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2023 , 47 ( 17 ): 47 - 56 .
Yuan H , Xin H H , Wu D , et al . Assessing maximal capacity of grid-following converters with grid strength constraints [J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy , 2022 , 13 ( 4 ): 2119 - 2132 .
Zhou Yingkun , Sun Huadong , Xu Shiyun , et al . Synchronous condenser optimized configuration scheme for power grid voltage strength improvement [J]. Power System Technology , 2022 , 46 ( 10 ): 3848 - 3856 .
Wang J X , Zhang J W , Hou Q C , et al . Synchronous condenser placement for multiple HVDC power systems considering short-circuit ratio requirements [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , 2024 , 40 ( 1 ): 765 - 779 .
Li Shaoyan , Cao Ke , Gu Xueping , et al . Linearized modeling of multi-infeed short circuit ratio constraints for receiving-end power grid based on accompanying network [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2022 , 46 ( 15 ): 75 - 84 .
Yu Linlin , Jia Peng , Yang Youhang , et al . Coordinated planning method for new energy station siting and network considering short circuit ratio constraints [J]. Electric Power Construction , 2024 , 45 ( 10 ): 24 - 33 .
Yu Lin , Sun Huadong , Zhao Bing , et al . Short circuit ratio index analysis and critical short circuit ratio calculation of renewable energy grid-connected system [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE , 2022 , 42 ( 3 ): 919 - 929 .
Lee D H A , Andersson G . An equivalent single-infeed model of multi-infeed HVDC systems for voltage and power stability analysis [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery , 2016 , 31 ( 1 ): 303 - 312 .
Lee D H A . Voltage stability assessment using equivalent nodal analysis [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , 2016 , 31 ( 1 ): 454 - 463 .
Xiao Hao , Li Yinhong , Duan Xianzhong , et al . Integrated short circuit ratio strength index based on the static voltage stability of the LCC-HVDC systems [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE , 2017 , 37 ( 14 ): 4008 - 4017 .
Sun C , Liu L , Cheng H Z , et al . Multistage expansion planning of source-grid coordination considering frequency security under retirement of thermal power units [J]. Electric Power Systems Research , 2025 , 245 : 111605 .
Du E S , Zhang N , Kang C Q , et al . A high-efficiency network-constrained clustered unit commitment model for power system planning studies [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , 2018 , 34 ( 4 ): 2498 - 2508 .
Yang Ruolin . Research on power system source-grid-load-storage coordinated planning and optimal operation with high proportion of new energy [D]. Nanjing : Southeast University , 2022 .
Zhang F , Xin H H , Wu D , et al . Assessing strength of multi-infeed LCC-HVDC systems using generalized short-circuit ratio [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , 2019 , 34 ( 1 ): 467 - 480 .