Simulation research on bird-body short-circuit faults on 110 kV overhead transmission lines

ZHANG Xu; WANG Yushuo; FENG Rui; BAI Dong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3643.2026.01.004

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Simulation research on bird-body short-circuit faults on 110 kV overhead transmission lines

更新时间：2026-03-04

- Simulation research on bird-body short-circuit faults on 110 kV overhead transmission lines
- Ningxia Electric Power Issue 1, (2026)
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- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-3643.2026.01.004
  CLC：
- Online First：03 March 2026，
  
  Published：03 March 2026
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ZHANG Xu, WANG Yushuo, FENG Rui, et al. Simulation research on bird-body short-circuit faults on 110 kV overhead transmission lines[J]. Ningxia Electric Power, 2026, (1).
DOI：

ZHANG Xu, WANG Yushuo, FENG Rui, et al. Simulation research on bird-body short-circuit faults on 110 kV overhead transmission lines[J]. Ningxia Electric Power, 2026, (1). DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3643.2026.01.004.

摘要

鸟体短接类故障是110 kV及以上架空输电线路涉鸟故障的主要表现形式之一，严重影响线路安全运行。为分析鸟体短接故障机理，结合现场实际运行情况，以110 kV线路杆塔为例，建立了“杆塔-绝缘子-导线-鸟体”仿真模型，对鸟类不同飞行状态下绝缘子、均压环和鸟体表面电场分布进行了仿真分析。结果表明，在鸟体羽尖接触均压环情况下，鸟体在均压环附近不同的飞行姿态对绝缘子、均压环表面场强影响较大，其中均压环表面场强超过了标准控制值20 kV/cm，容易发生电晕放电；当鸟体与绝缘子间角度为90°（绝缘子-杆塔平面）、30°（绝缘子-导线平面）时，鸟体表面（羽尖）场强分别为93.46 kV/cm、100.7 kV/cm，易发生鸟体短接故障。针对鸟体短接故障特点，提出了增强绝缘子高低压端间绝缘强度的防护措施。

Abstract

Bird-body short-circuit faults is a primary type of bird-related faults on overhead transmission lines of 110 kV and above

severely affecting line operational safety.To analyze the underlying mechanism

a "tower-insulator-conductor-bird body" simulation model was established based on a 110 kV line tower and actual field conditions.The electric field distributions on the insulator

grading ring

and bird body surface were simulated under different flight postures.The results indicate that when the bird’s feather tips contact the grading ring

different flight postures significantly influence the surface electric field of the insulator and grading ring.Specifically

the field strength on the grading ring surface exceeds the standard limit of 20 kV/cm

making it prone to corona discharge.When the angle between the bird body and the insulator is 90°(insulator-tower plane)and 30°(insulator-conductor plane)

the feather tip surface field strengths reach 93.46 kV/cm and 100.7 kV/cm

respectively

which are likely to trigger bird-body short-circuit faults.Based on these characteristics

protective measures to enhance the insulation strength between high- and low-voltage ends of insulators are proposed.

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