Position and Speed Estimation Method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on LowCost Hall Sensors

曾岁程; 刘志豪; 洪权; 但汉兵; 李理; 李辉

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2025.06.018

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Position and Speed Estimation Method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on LowCost Hall Sensors

更新时间：2026-02-06

- Position and Speed Estimation Method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on LowCost Hall Sensors
- Vol. 45, Issue 6, Pages: 133-139(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 国网湖南省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,湖南,长沙,410208
  2. 中南大学,湖南,长沙,410083
  3. 湖南省湘电试验研究院有限公司,湖南,长沙,410208
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2025.06.018
  CLC： TM451
- Online First：13 January 2026，
  
  Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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曾岁程, 刘志豪, 洪权, 但汉兵, 李理, 李辉. 永磁同步电机低成本霍尔传感器位置与速度估计方法[J]. 湖南电力, 2025, 45(6): 133-139.

曾岁程, 刘志豪, 洪权, et al. Position and Speed Estimation Method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on LowCost Hall Sensors[J]. 2025, 45(6): 133-139.
曾岁程, 刘志豪, 洪权, 但汉兵, 李理, 李辉. 永磁同步电机低成本霍尔传感器位置与速度估计方法[J]. 湖南电力, 2025, 45(6): 133-139. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2025.06.018.

曾岁程, 刘志豪, 洪权, et al. Position and Speed Estimation Method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on LowCost Hall Sensors[J]. 2025, 45(6): 133-139. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2025.06.018.

摘要

用于永磁同步电机的三相开关型霍尔位置传感器

批量生产安装时容易出现安装位置角度偏移

导致电机矢量控制的闭环反馈速度和位置信号出现较大的测量误差。针对上述问题

提出基于霍尔矢量滤波的永磁同步电机转子位置与速度估计方法。通过坐标变换得到霍尔三相开关信号的两相正交分量

以霍尔矢量形式构造带谐波反馈计算的全阶状态观测器

并引入自适应矢量滤波器从中提取基波信号

从而滤除由霍尔传感器偏移产生的低阶谐波干扰

得到较为准确的转子位置和速度。仿真和实验验证了该方法在霍尔传感器发生偏移后仍能够准确地估计出转子位置及速度

减小了估计误差

保证电机矢量控制系统正常稳定工作。

Abstract

The installation position angle of the three-phase switch-type Hall position sensors for permanent magnet synchronous motors is prone to offset during mass production and installation

resulting in significant measurement errors in the closed-loop feedback speed and position signals of the motor vector control. To address the above problems

a rotor position and speed estimation method for permanent magnet synchronous motors based on Hall vector filtering is proposed. First

the two-phase orthogonal components of the Hall three-phase switch signal are obtained through coordinate transformation

and a full-order state observer with harmonic feedback calculation is constructed in the form of Hall vectors. An adaptive vector filter is introduced to extract the fundamental signal from it

thereby filtering out the low-order harmonic interference generated by the Hall sensor offset and obtaining a more accurate rotor position and speed. Simulation and experiments verify that this method can still accurately estimate the rotor position and speed after the Hall sensor is offset

reducing the estimation error and ensuring the normal and stable operation of the motor vector control system.

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references

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