A two-layer optimization scheduling model for the power system is proposed to address the diversity of load side carbon reduction methods and insufficient synergy of source side market measures in low-carbon dispatch. The model is based on demand response guided by node carbon potential and considers the linkage mechanism between green certificate trading and carbon emission trading. Firstly

based on carbon emission flow theory

a load-side carbon emission flow model is established

and combined with the demand response mechanisms

a low-carbon demand response framework for the load side is constructed. Secondly

by analyzing the operating principles of the carbon market and green certificate market

a carbon trading model and a green certificate trading model are established on the source side

and the carbon reduction attributes of green certificates are utilized to establish a connection between the two

completing the design of the interaction mechanism between the two. Then

a two-layer optimization scheduling model for the power system is constructed based on the low-carbon demand response and green certificate carbon trading linkage mechanism. The upper layer is the economic optimization dispatch model on the source side of the power system

and the lower layer is the low-carbon optimization dispatch model for the load side. Finally

a case study is conducted using the IEEE 14 node system to validate the effectiveness of the modle. The simulation results show that this scheduling strategy can fully exploit the potential of load side carbon reduction on the load side

enhance the interaction of market means on the source side

and promote the low-carbon transformation of the system.