Numerical Simulation and Construction Monitoring for Minimal-Angle Intersection of Main and Branch Tunnels in Water Conveyance Projects

ZHONG Cuihua; YANG Qiujia; LIU Qinglin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.010

English Version Journal Login

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Numerical Simulation and Construction Monitoring for Minimal-Angle Intersection of Main and Branch Tunnels in Water Conveyance Projects

更新时间：2026-10-10

- Numerical Simulation and Construction Monitoring for Minimal-Angle Intersection of Main and Branch Tunnels in Water Conveyance Projects
- PEARL RIVER Vol. 47, Issue 9, Pages: 97-105(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司，广东广州　510635
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.010
  CLC： TV554
- Received：06 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-02-09，
  
  Accepted：09 February 2026，
  
  Online First：28 February 2026，
  
  Published：25 September 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
钟翠华，杨秋佳，刘庆林.输水隧洞主支洞极小角度交汇下的数值模拟与施工监测［J］.人民珠江，2026，47（9）：97-105.

ZHONG Cuihua,YANG Qiujia,LIU Qinglin.Numerical Simulation and Construction Monitoring for Minimal-Angle Intersection of Main and Branch Tunnels in Water Conveyance Projects[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):97-105.
钟翠华，杨秋佳，刘庆林.输水隧洞主支洞极小角度交汇下的数值模拟与施工监测［J］.人民珠江，2026，47（9）：97-105. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.010.

ZHONG Cuihua,YANG Qiujia,LIU Qinglin.Numerical Simulation and Construction Monitoring for Minimal-Angle Intersection of Main and Branch Tunnels in Water Conveyance Projects[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):97-105. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.010.

摘要

输水隧洞工程中，平洞与支洞轴线偏离设计规范建议呈小交角布置，是施工中常见的技术难题。以环北部湾广东水资源配置工程高鹤段合江支洞为依托，针对主支洞交角小于30°的极小角度交汇施工难题开展研究。通过系统分析，提出了“支洞二次衬砌优先于主洞开挖”的工序控制策略。基于Midas NX有限元软件构建三维数值模型，结合现场动态监测数据与典型工程案例进行对比验证，结果表明该极小角度交汇方案具有可行性。研究表明，通过科学的地质研判、精准的数值模拟、动态的监测反馈及支护参数优化，可有效控制交汇区围岩变形与施工风险。最终提出了“地质分析-数值模拟-动态监测”综合性的应对策略，为复杂地质条件下极小角度主支洞交汇隧洞的设计与施工提供了应对思路与工程范例。

Abstract

In water conveyance tunnel construction

the layout of branch tunnels intersecting with the main tunnel at small angles—often deviating from design code recommendations—has long been a prevalent technical challenge. According to Article 4.6.8 of the Chinese industry specification for water conservancy (SL 303—2017)

the intersection angle between the axes of a horizontal tunnel or branch adit and that of the main tunnel shall generally not be less than 45°. In practice

however

due to constraints such as complex geological conditions

limited construction space

and topographical restrictions

it is often difficult to meet this requirement

necessitating feasible construction schemes for small-angle intersections under non-standard conditions. Focusing on the Hejiang Branch Tunnel of the Gaobe Section in the Guangdong Water Resources Allocation Project around the Beibu Gulf

this study investigates the construction difficulties associated with a minimal-angle intersection where the included angle between the main tunnel and branch tunnel is less than 30°. Through systematic analysis of the geological characteristics of the intersection area

the mechanical response of surrounding rock during construction

and the influence of different construction sequences on tunnel structural stability

this research proposes a scientific process control strategy of "prioritizing the secondary lining of the branch tunnel over the excavation of the main tunnel." This approach breaks from the traditional sequence by reinforcing the branch tunnel first to provide stable structural support for subsequent main tunnel excavation. To verify the proposed strategy

a refined three-dimensional numerical model of the tunnel intersection area was established using Midas NX finite element software

fully simulating the actual construction process and the stress-strain behavior of surrounding rock. Comparative validation was then conducted by integrating real-time dynamic monitoring data obtained from on-site construction with typical engineering case experiences. The multi-faceted verification results demonstrate that the proposed construction scheme for a minimal-angle intersection of main and branch tunnels exhibits good technical feasibility and engineering applicability

effectively reducing disturbance to the surrounding rock mass. Further research indicates that through comprehensive measures including in-depth geological assessment of the project area

accurate numerical simulation and optimization of construction schemes

real-time dynamic monitoring feedback

and reasonable optimization of support parameters based on monitoring results

the surrounding rock deformation and construction risks in the intersection zone can be effectively controlled. Finally

a comprehensive and systematic response strategy of "geological analysis—numerical simulation—dynamic monitoring" is proposed

forming a complete technical system from preliminary geological investigation and scheme design to on-site construction implementation and dynamic adjustment. This research provides practical solution ideas and technical references for similar tunnel engineering projects

and offers a valuable engineering example for the design and construction of tunnels with minimal-angle main-branch intersections under complex geological conditions.

关键词

Keywords

references

刘克文，隋玉明 . 引水隧洞围岩稳定性数值模拟分析［J］. 陕西水利， 2022 （ 10 ）： 134 - 135 ．

Liu Kewen ， Sui Yuming . Numerical simulation analysis of surrounding rock stability in water diversion tunnels ［J］. Shaanxi Water Resources ， 2022 （ 10 ）： 134 - 135 . （in Chinese）

李金瑞 . 引水隧洞主洞与施工支洞交汇区围岩变形特征及变形风险评价研究［D］. 济南：山东大学， 2025 .

Li Jinrui . Study on deformation characteristics and risk assessment of rock in the intersection area between the main tunnel and construction adit of water diversion tunnel ［D］. Jinan ： Shandong University ， 2025 . （in Chinese）

吴桃，赵云龙，刘胜虎 . 施工支洞与特大断面隧洞相交三岔口采用的开挖施工方法［J］. 四川水力发电， 2023 ， 42 （ 4 ）： 14 - 18 .

Wu Tao ， Zhao Yunlong ， Liu Shenghu . Construction method for excavation of intersection of the adit and extra-large section tunnel ［J］. Sichuan Water Power ， 2023 ， 42 （ 4 ）： 14 - 18 . （in Chinese）

唐雨蔷 . 小断面深埋引水隧洞交叉段稳定性分析［D］. 杭州：浙江工业大学， 2025 .

Tang Yuqiang . Analysis on stability of intersection part in deep-buried diversion tunnel with small section ［D］. Hangzhou ： Zhejiang University of Technology ， 2025 . （in Chinese）

Joneidi M ， Golshani A ， Naeimifar I . Progressive deformation and mechanical behaviour of intersecting tunnels in soft ground improvement ［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers Ground Improvement ， 2019 ， 172 （ 4 ）： 285 - 296 ．

邓文彬 . 施工隧道监控量测技术与分析预报方法研究［D］. 武汉：武汉大学， 2025 .

Deng Wenbin . Study on the technology and method of tunnel construction monitoring measurement ［D］. Wuhan ： Wuhan University ， 2025 . （in Chinese）

房倩，粟威，张顶立，等 . 基于现场监测数据的隧道围岩变形特性研究［J］．岩石力学与工程学报， 2016 ， 35 （ 9 ）： 1884 - 1897 ．

Fang Qian ， Su Wei ， Zhang Dingli ， et al . Tunnel deformation characteristics based on on-site monitoring data ［J］. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering ， 2016 ， 35 （ 9 ）： 1884 - 1897 . （in Chinese）

陈杰，赵晖，詹坚鑫 . 合江支洞F1断层带隧洞水文地质条件分析及涌水量预测［C］// 中国水利学会2021学术年会论文集第二分册， 2021 ： 474 - 479 .

Chen Jie ， Zhao Hui ， Zhan Jianxin . Analysis of hydrogeological conditions and prediction of water inflow in tunnel of F1 fault zone at Hejiang Adit ［C］// Proceedings of the 2021 Academic Annual Conference of China Water Conservancy Society ， Volume 2 ， 2021 ： 474 - 479 . （in Chinese）

张国林，崔茂乔，黄海燕 . 输水隧洞复合式衬砌结构分析［J］. 人民珠江， 2012 ， 33 （ 4 ）： 35 - 37 .

Zhang Guolin ， Cui Maoqiao ， Huang Haiyan . Structural analysis of water tunnel with secondary linings ［J］. Pearl River ， 2012 ， 33 （ 4 ）： 35 - 37 . （in Chinese）

李琪 . 输水隧洞主洞和支洞交汇区施工方法比选研究［J］. 陕西水利， 2023 （ 4 ）： 133 - 134，137 .

Li Qi . Comparative study on construction methods for the intersection area of main tunnel and branch adit in water conveyance tunnel ［J］. Shaanxi Water Resources ， 2023 （ 4 ）： 133 - 134，137 . （in Chinese）

池恒天，吴振宇，刘小志 . 基于Midas GTS NX土的三种本构模型工程应用实例［J］. 岩土工程技术， 2020 ， 34 （ 3 ）： 143 - 149 .

Chi Hengtian ， Wu Zhenyu ， Liu Xiaozhi . Application of three constitutive models of soil based on Midas GTS NX ［J］. Geotechnical Engineering Technology ， 2020 ， 34 （ 3 ）： 143 - 149 . （in Chinese）

代志坤，郑晓，游思琴 . 环北部湾广东水资源配置工程深埋隧洞段初始地应力场反演分析［J］. 人民珠江， 2023 ， 44 （ 4 ）： 19 - 28 .

Dai Zhikun ， Zheng Xiao ， You Siqin . Regression analysis of initial geostress field for deep-buried tunnel water resoures allocation project in Guangdong Province around the Beibu Gulf ［J］. Pearl River ， 2023 ， 44 （ 4 ）： 19 - 28 . （in Chinese）

王卫东 . 机头硐室快速跨巷围岩稳定性数值模拟分析［J］. 数字化用户， 2021 （ 45 ）： 136 - 138 .

Wang Weidong . Numerical simulation analysis of surrounding rock stability for rapid cross-roadway driving of the tbm chamber ［J］. Digital User ， 2021 （ 45 ）： 136 - 138 . （in Chinese）

董林伟 . 数值模拟中常用岩土本构模型及其参数研究［D］. 青岛：青岛理工大学， 2011 .

Dong Linwei . Study on geotechnical constitutive models and parameters commonly used in numerical simulation ［D］. Qingdao ： Qingdao University of Technology ， 2011 . （in Chinese）

黎成 . 某小净距隧道施工阶段受力变化数值模拟及监测数据分析［J］. 交通世界（下旬刊）， 2022 （ 30 ）： 97 - 99，110 .

Li Cheng . Numerical simulation of mechanical changes and monitoring data analysis of a small clear distance tunnel during construction stage ［J］. Transport World （Second Half）， 2022 （ 30 ）： 97 - 99，110 . （in Chinese）

周琼瑞 . 输水隧洞主洞与施工支洞交汇区围岩安全稳定性分析［J］. 吉林水利， 2023 （ 10 ）： 57 - 61 .

Zhou Qiongrui . Analysis on the safety and stability of surrounding rock at the intersection of main water conveyance tunnel and construction adit ［J］. Jilin Water Resources ， 2023 （ 10 ）： 57 - 61 . （in Chinese）

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Application of System Dynamics Model in Water Resource Utilization Prediction in Shandong Province

Analysis of Flow Characteristics of Flaring Pier Combined with Underflow Energy Dissipation Based on Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation

Study on Disaster Law of Surface Waterlogging in Tidal Area under Extreme Weather: Case of Haizhu, Guangzhou

Influence of Solid-Liquid Two-Phase Flow on Pressure Pulsation Characteristics in Axial Flow Pump Unit

城市中小河流防洪能力评估与调控机制分析

Related Author

ZHONG Cuihua

YANG Qiujia

LIU Qinglin

QIN Huanhuan

HUANG Lixiang

CHEN Yiping

CHEN Biao

LIU Tao

Related Institution

School of Science, East China University of Technology

School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology

State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China Institute of Technology

National Key Laboratory of Prospecting, Mining and Remote Sense Detecting on Uranium Resources

Guizhou Water & Power Survey-Design Institute Co., Ltd

AI问答

⁰