
1.甘肃省水土保持科学研究所/甘肃省水土保持工程研究中心,甘肃 兰州 730000
2.甘肃省水利厅,甘肃 兰州 730000
3.兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
Received:25 February 2026,
Revised:2026-03-18,
Accepted:01 April 2026,
Online First:17 April 2026,
Published:25 May 2026
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颉文伟,梁丽霞,陶虎,等.变化环境下渭河流域径流演变归因及空间异质性研究[J].人民珠江,2026,47(5):88-100.
XIE Wenwei,LIANG Lixia,TAO Hu,et al.Attribution of Runoff and Spatial Heterogeneity in the Weihe River Basin under Changing Environments[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(05):88-100.
颉文伟,梁丽霞,陶虎,等.变化环境下渭河流域径流演变归因及空间异质性研究[J].人民珠江,2026,47(5):88-100. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.05.009.
XIE Wenwei,LIANG Lixia,TAO Hu,et al.Attribution of Runoff and Spatial Heterogeneity in the Weihe River Basin under Changing Environments[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(05):88-100. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.05.009.
渭河流域作为黄河中游典型的半干旱—半湿润过渡带,其径流演变直接关系区域水安全与黄河生态健康。基于ERA5-Land再分析数据及社会经济数据,采用Budyko假设水量平衡框架与随机森林模型,分析2003—2024年流域径流演变的主控机制及其空间异质性。结果表明:①流域径流总体呈波动下降趋势(速率为 -1.525 mm/a),且衰减特征存在空间非均匀性;②在水量平衡层面,气候“暖干化”是径流减少的主导因素(贡献率61.33%),人类活动贡献率为38.67%;③驱动机制呈现显著的“空间二元结构”:虽然气候决定水量基准,但人均生产总值在统计上超越自然因子成为首要解释变量,这归因于中下游关中平原高强度经济耗水的控制,而上游山区仍受降水主导。研究厘清流域“自然—社会”二元水循环的空间分异规律,提出“上游适应性保护、下游需求侧调控”的分区治理策略。
The Weihe River Basin
a typical semi-arid to semi-humid transition zone in the middle reaches of the Yellow River
exhibits runoff evolution that directly impacts regional water security and the ecological health of the Yellow River. Utilizing ERA5-Land reanalysis and socio-economic data
this study applies the Budyko water balance framework and a Random Forest model to systematically analyze the dominant mechanisms and spatial heterogeneity of runoff evolution from 2003 to 2024. The results reveal that:①Basin runoff displays a fluctuating downward trend (-1.525 mm/a) with significant spatial non-uniformity in its attenuation.②Climatic warming and drying dominate runoff reduction
contributing 61.33% compared to 38.67% from human activities. ③The driving mechanism exhibits a pronounced "spatial dualistic structure"—while climate sets the baseline water volume
per capita GDP statistically surpasses natural factors as the primary explanatory variable
driven by high-intensity economic water consumption in the downstream Guanzhong Plain
whereas upstream mountainous areas remain precipitation-dominated. This study clarifies the spatial differentiation of the "Nature-Society" dualistic water cycle and proposes a zoned management strategy of "adaptive protection upstream and demand-side regulation downstream."
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