Current Limiting Strategy Based on Virtual Sequence Impedance for Grid-forming Energy Storage-based STATCOM Under Asymmetrical Faults

Jianzhong Xu; Feng Wang; Qiuxiang Wang; Huize Wang; Gen Li; Chengyong Zhao; Zhichang Yang; Hongyang Yu

doi:10.35833/MPCE.2025.000497

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Current Limiting Strategy Based on Virtual Sequence Impedance for Grid-forming Energy Storage-based STATCOM Under Asymmetrical Faults

Original Paper | 更新时间：2026-09-28

- Current Limiting Strategy Based on Virtual Sequence Impedance for Grid-forming Energy Storage-based STATCOM Under Asymmetrical Faults
- Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy Vol. 14, Issue 5, Pages: 1684-1695(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University (NCEPU), Beijing 102206, China
  2.China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 102209, China
- 作者简介：
  
  Jianzhong Xu received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from North China Electric Power University (NCEPU), Beijing, China, in 2014. He is currently a Professor with the State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Resources, NCEPU. His research interests include grid-forming control, electromagnetic transient equivalent modeling, simulation, and analysis of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grid. Email:xujianzhong@ncepu.edu.cn
  Feng Wang received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and its automation in North China Electric Power University (NCEPU), Beijing, China, in 2022, where she is currently working towards the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at NCEPU. Her research interests include grid-forming control and modelling, and current limiting control strategy. Email:wangfeng202104@126.com
  Qiuxiang Wang received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and its automation from Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, China, in 2024. He is currently working toward the master’s degree in electrical engineering at North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China. His research interest includes grid-forming static synchronous compensator. Email:qiuxiangwang2024@163.com
  Huize Wang received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and its automation from Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, in 2022. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China. His research interests include electromagnetic transient equivalent modeling and simulation technology. Email:huize_wang@qq.com
  Gen Li received the B.Eng. degree in electrical engineering from Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, China, in 2011, the M.Sc. degree in power engineering from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, in 2013, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K., in 2018. He has been a Professor at North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China, since 2025. His research interests include control and protection of renewable energy integrated direct current (DC) power system. Email:reaganlee1988@gmail.com
  Chengyong Zhao received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in power systems and its automation from North China Electric Power University (NCEPU), Beijing, China, in 1988, 1993, and 2001, respectively. He is currently a Professor with the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NCEPU. His research interests include HVDC system and DC grid. Email:chengyongzhao2@163.com
  Zhichang Yang received the B.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China, in 2013 and 2020, respectively, all in electrical engineering. He is currently with China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China. His research interests include flexible AC transmission system, stability analysis and control of power system, and electromagnetic interference of power electronic system. Email:zhchyang_geiri@163.com
  Hongyang Yu received the B.S. and M.S degrees in electrical engineering from North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China, in 2008 and 2011, respectively. He is currently with China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China. His research interests include flexible alternating current (AC) transmission system and power electronics. Email:yuhongyang@geiri.sgcc.com.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.35833/MPCE.2025.000497
  CLC：
- Received：31 May 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-07-29，
  
  Accepted：05 December 2025，
  
  Online First：30 March 2026，
  
  Published：15 September 2026
- 稿件说明：
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Xu Jianzhong,Wang Feng,Wang Qiuxiang,et al.Current Limiting Strategy Based on Virtual Sequence Impedance for Grid-forming Energy Storage-based STATCOM Under Asymmetrical Faults[J].Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy,2026,14(05):1684-1695.
DOI：

Xu Jianzhong,Wang Feng,Wang Qiuxiang,et al.Current Limiting Strategy Based on Virtual Sequence Impedance for Grid-forming Energy Storage-based STATCOM Under Asymmetrical Faults[J].Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy,2026,14(05):1684-1695. DOI： 10.35833/MPCE.2025.000497.

摘要

Abstract

The grid-forming (GFM) energy storage-based static synchronous compensator (ES-STATCOM) operates as a voltage source and offers virtual inertia and damping. These capabilities make it more suitable for the modern power system with high renewable energy penetration than grid-following (GFL) static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). However

it is prone to overcurrent during grid faults. Physically increasing the overload capacity of the device is not a cost-effective solution. In this paper

a current limiting strategy based on virtual sequence impedance for the GFM ES-STATCOM under asymmetrical faults is proposed. It enables the GFM ES-STATCOM to maintain its GFM control mode during transients. The control for activation and deactivation of current limiting is first designed. Then

the transient virtual sequence impedance control is developed to limit the fault current amplitude

along with the instantaneous overcurrent peak suppression method. In addition

key control parameters are designed through analysis of fault current characteristics. Finally

the proposed strategy is validated by PSCAD/EMTDC simulation under asymmetrical faults.

关键词

Keywords

references

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