To address the issues of insufficient sensitivity in detecting high-impedance grounding faults and the tendency for fault location to converge to local optima in distribution networks
this paper proposes a collaborative fault detection and location method based on the synergy between a subspace perturbation model and the Bat-Differential Evolution (BatDE) algorithm. First
the subspace perturbation model is employed to achieve highly sensitive detection of high-impedance faults
transforming the fault state into quantifiable changes in the subspace structure. Subsequently
eigenvector perturbation analysis is used to quickly identify suspicious fault sections
thereby narrowing down the search scope. Finally
an optimization model centered on the BatDE algorithm is constructed to achieve rapid and accurate fault section localization within the candidate fault set. Experimental results demonstrate that this collaborative mechanism effectively integrates the advantages of the subspace model in state perception with the capabilities of the BatDE algorithm in optimization search
significantly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of high-impedance grounding fault location.