HE Zuoren, HUANG Yunhui, WANG Dong, et al. Stability Optimization of Grid-following and Grid-forming Converter Parallel Systems Based on Virtual Bus Voltage Control[J]. 2025, 53(6): 19-27.
HE Zuoren, HUANG Yunhui, WANG Dong, et al. Stability Optimization of Grid-following and Grid-forming Converter Parallel Systems Based on Virtual Bus Voltage Control[J]. 2025, 53(6): 19-27. DOI: 10.20204/j.sp.2025.06003.
Stability Optimization of Grid-following and Grid-forming Converter Parallel Systems Based on Virtual Bus Voltage Control
To address the instability issues caused by capacity mismatch in hybrid systems combining grid-following and grid-forming converters, a virtual bus voltage control strategy is proposed to enhance system stability. First, a small-signal model of a grid-connected system incorporating both converter types is established. Eigenvalue analysis reveals that in low-impedance grids, increasing the active power capacity of GFM converters weakens system stability or even induces instability. Second, the virtual bus voltage control strategy is implemented to adjust the grid voltage tracking position, equivalently regulating grid impedance and improving stability. The variation patterns of root loci are analyzed to investigate the impact of control parameters on hybrid system stability. Finally, a hybrid simulation model is developed in Matlab/Simulink, and time-domain simulations and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments are conducted for validation. Results demonstrate that the proposed virtual bus voltage control strategy significantly enhances the stability of hybrid grid-connected systems.
DAI T T,XIAO X Y,XIE Q,et al.Hybrid grid-forming and grid-following PMSG-SMES architecture with enhanced FRT capability[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2024,34(8):1-4.
GU Y,GREEN T C.Power system stability with a high penetration of inverter-based resources[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2023,111(7):832-853.
ZOU Z,TANG J,WANG X,et al.Modeling and control of a two-bus system with grid-forming and grid-following converters[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2022,10(6):7133-7149.
MATEVOSYAN J.“Grid-forming inverters:are they the key for high renewable penetration?,”[J].IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,2023,21(2):77-86.
XU C H,ZOU Z X,YANG J J,et al.Transient stability analysis and enhancement of grid-forming and grid-following converters [J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics,2024,5(4):1396-1408.