Research progress on high-value chemical utilization technology of carbon dioxide

CAO Xinyue; GAO Zhanyan; YANG Yingju; SU Yi; HUANG Jun; WU Dawei; SHEN Teng; CHEN Miao; LIU Jing

doi:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.002

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Research progress on high-value chemical utilization technology of carbon dioxide

Invited Review | 更新时间：2026-10-14

- Research progress on high-value chemical utilization technology of carbon dioxide
- Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection Vol. 42, Issue 4, Pages: 529-543(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室（华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院），湖北武汉 430074
  2.深圳华中科技大学研究院，广东深圳 518000
  3.中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司，广东广州 510663
  4.中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所，上海 200000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.002
  CLC： TK06
- Received：25 January 2026，
  
  Accepted：20 June 2026，
  
  Published：15 August 2026
- 稿件说明：
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曹新悦,高展颜,杨应举，等.二氧化碳高值化化学利用技术的研究进展[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(4):529-543.

CAO Xinyue, GAO Zhanyan, YANG Yingju, et al. Research progress on high-value chemical utilization technology of carbon dioxide[J]. Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection, 2026, 42(4):529-543.
曹新悦,高展颜,杨应举，等.二氧化碳高值化化学利用技术的研究进展[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(4):529-543. DOI： 10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.002.

CAO Xinyue, GAO Zhanyan, YANG Yingju, et al. Research progress on high-value chemical utilization technology of carbon dioxide[J]. Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection, 2026, 42(4):529-543. DOI： 10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.002.

摘要

目的

在碳中和目标背景下，CO

排放总量及新能源装机容量

持续增长，储能需求也随之激增，利用可再生能源驱动CO

转化为高附加值燃料或化学品，并将其以化学能形式储存，是一种极具前景的大规模长时储能技术。

方法

本文综述了基于CO

高值化利用的储能技术研究进展，包括CO

催化加氢合成碳基燃料储能、电化学还原CO

储能及微藻固定CO

储能，系统分析了各类CO

高值化利用储能技术的路线及特征，结合催化剂开发、系统集成等关键挑战，分析了不同场景下各类技术的适配性。

结果

高值化利用在技术层面要求产物能量密度高、储能效率优异且兼容现有工业基础设施；经济层面要求原料成本低廉、产物附加值高且具备规模化应用可行性；环境层面要求实现碳闭环循环、全生命周期碳排放低且兼具资源循环价值。甲醇、二甲醚和多碳醇等CO

高值化利用液体产物具有更高的能量密度，可更高效地将可再生能源以液体燃料的化学能形式储存，且更易在现有基础设施中实现运输与利用；电催化CO

还原生成的甲酸或甲酸盐储能技术，具有反应条件温和（常温常压）、能耗低且响应迅速的特点，适配中小型储能场景；微藻固定CO

储能技术通过光合作用实现碳固定与能源生产同步，可利用工业废水及烟道气为原料，兼具环境友好性与资源循环性；上述三种技术路线各有侧重、相互补充，可根据储能规模、场景需求等进行差异化选择，全面覆盖多元化储能需求。

结论

总体而言，CO

高值化利用的储能技术为双碳目标下可再生能源的多元化利用、节能减排及新型储能体系的构建，提供了基于整体视角的关键技术支撑。

Abstract

Objective

In the context of the carbon neutrality target

the continuous growth of total CO

emissions and installed capacity of new energy has led to a surge in energy storage demand. It is a highly promising large-scale long-term energy storage technology to utilize renewable energy to drive the conversion of CO

into high-value-added fuels or chemicals and store them in the form of chemical energy.

Methods

This paper reviews the research progress of energy storage technologies based on high-value utilization of CO

including energy storage via catalytic hydrogenation of CO

to synthesize carbon-based fuels

electrochemical energy storage

and energy storage via microalgal CO

fixation. It systematically analyzes the characteristics of various technical routes for energy storage based on high-value CO

utilization

addresses key challenges such as catalyst development and system integration

and evaluates the adaptability of various technologies under different scenarios.

Results

The high-value utilization of CO

requires at the technical level that products have high energy density

excellent energy storage efficiency

and compatibility with existing industrial infrastructure. At the economic level

it demands low raw material costs

high product added value

and feasibility of large-scale application. At the environmental level

it necessitates achieving a closed carbon cycle

low life-cycle carbon emissions

and resource recycling value. Liquid products from the high-value utilization of CO

such as methanol

dimethyl ether and polyhydric alcohols

have a higher energy density

enabling more efficient storage as chemical energy in liquid fuels

easier transportation and simpler utilization in existing infrastructure. The energy storage technology via electrocatalytic CO

reduction to formic acid or formate is characterized by mild reaction conditions (ambient temperature and pressure)

low energy consumption

and rapid response

making it suitable for small and medium-sized energy storage scenarios. The energy storage technology via microalgal CO

fixation achieves the synchronization of carbon fixation and energy production through photosynthesis

and can use industrial wastewater and flue gas as raw materials

boasting both environmental friendliness and resource recyclability. The above three technical routes have their own focuses and complement each other

allowing differentiated selection based on energy storage scale

scenario requirements

etc.

to fully cover diversified energy storage needs.

Conclusion

In general

the energy storage technology based on high-value utilization of CO

provides key technical support from an overall perspective for the diversified utilization of renewable energy

energy conservation and emission reduction

and the construction of new energy storage systems under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

关键词

Keywords

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