Analysis and solutions for abnormal speed during load rejection test of 660 MW ultra-supercritical dual intermediate pressure cylinder cogeneration unit

ZHANG Jinxu; CHEN Guoqing; YU Qiang; WANG Chen; CHEN Jian; HU Yun; JIANG Guoan; HE Xinrong

doi:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.001

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Analysis and solutions for abnormal speed during load rejection test of 660 MW ultra-supercritical dual intermediate pressure cylinder cogeneration unit

Invited Review | 更新时间：2026-10-14

- Analysis and solutions for abnormal speed during load rejection test of 660 MW ultra-supercritical dual intermediate pressure cylinder cogeneration unit
- Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection Vol. 42, Issue 4, Pages: 517-528(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.低碳智能燃煤发电与超净排放全国重点实验室（国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司），江苏南京 210023
  2.国能南京电力试验研究有限公司，江苏南京 210023
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.001
  CLC： TK26;TM621
- Received：09 December 2025，
  
  Accepted：17 April 2026，
  
  Published：15 August 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
章津勖,陈国庆,于强，等.660 MW超超临界双中压缸热电联产机组甩负荷试验转速异常分析及解决措施[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(4):517-528.

ZHANG Jinxu, CHEN Guoqing, YU Qiang, et al. Analysis and solutions for abnormal speed during load rejection test of 660 MW ultra-supercritical dual intermediate pressure cylinder cogeneration unit[J]. Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection, 2026, 42(4):517-528.
章津勖,陈国庆,于强，等.660 MW超超临界双中压缸热电联产机组甩负荷试验转速异常分析及解决措施[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(4):517-528. DOI： 10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.001.

ZHANG Jinxu, CHEN Guoqing, YU Qiang, et al. Analysis and solutions for abnormal speed during load rejection test of 660 MW ultra-supercritical dual intermediate pressure cylinder cogeneration unit[J]. Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection, 2026, 42(4):517-528. DOI： 10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.001.

摘要

目的

甩负荷试验是火电机组启动验收的核心环节，其本质是验证机组突发负荷丧失工况下的动态调节安全性，直接关乎电网供电可靠性，需严格遵循行业标准。针对国内首台660 MW超超临界双中压缸热电联产机组，为填补其甩负荷过程中转速控制的技术空白，开展50%甩负荷试验及异常机理研究。

方法

研究先完成机组甩负荷前置验证与正式试验，基于汽轮机转子动态能量平衡模型与Ebsilon热力系统仿真解析转速飞升异常成因，提出系统性优化方案并通过二次试验完成方案有效性验证。

结果

研究表明，前置验证阶段，12个关键汽门关闭时间均满足设计要求，主汽阀门严密性试验及超速保护控制（over-speed protection control，OPC）、电超速试验均合格；但首次正式试验中，机组脱网后高中压调门快速关闭，转速最高飞升至3 183 r/min，超出106%额定转速，试验被迫中止。进一步分析表明，中压缸连通管蝶阀关闭时长为850 ms未达设计要求导致蒸汽持续做功，主汽及再热温度较设计值分别偏低62 ℃、67 ℃，且高压加热器（高加）未投入引发中低压缸做功过量，三者耦合加剧了转速飞升；经优化将蝶阀关闭时间缩短至350~370 ms，同步投入高加系统、控制主再热温度≥590 ℃后，复试50%甩负荷试验机组最高转速3 135 r/min，不超过105%额定转速，60 s内稳定至额定转速，各项参数均符合规程要求。

结论

本研究首次揭示了双中压缸机组甩负荷转速飞升的多因素耦合机制，建立的“阀门动态优化-热力参数匹配-系统平衡调控”技术体系对行业有重要参考意义，为同类高参数热电联产机组的安全验收提供了可复制的技术范式，对提升新型煤电机组极端工况适应性、保障能源电力系统稳定运行具有重要学术价值与工程意义。

Abstract

Objective

Load rejection test is a core procedure in the startup and acceptance of coal-fired power units

serving to verify dynamic regulation safety under sudden load loss conditions

which directly impacts grid reliability and must strictly comply with industry standards. To address the technical gap in speed control during load rejection for China's first 660 MW ultra-supercritical dual-intermediate-pressure cylinder cogeneration unit

a 50% load rejection test and abnormal mechanism study were conducted.

Methods

In this study

the pre-verification and formal tests of the unit load rejection were completed first. Based on the dynamic energy balance model of the steam turbine rotor and Ebsilon thermal system simulation

the causes of the abnormal speed surge were analyzed

a systematic optimization scheme was proposed

and the effectiveness of the scheme was verified through a repeated test.

Results

In the pre-verification phase

the closing times of 12 key steam valves all met the design requirements

and the main steam valve tightness test

as well as the over-speed protection control (OPC) and electrical overspeed tests

were all qualified. However

in the first formal test

after the unit was disconnected from the grid

the high-pressure and intermediate-pressure regulating valves closed rapidly

yet the maximum speed surged to 3 183 r/min

exceeding 106% of the rated speed

and the test was terminated. The study revealed that the closing time of the butterfly valve in the intermediate pressure cylinder connecting pipe was 850 ms

which failed to meet the design requirements and resulted in continuous work done by the steam; meanwhile

the main and reheat steam temperatures were 62 ℃ and 67 ℃ lower than the design values

and the high-pressure heater (HP heater) was not put into operation

leading to excessive work done by the intermediate and low-pressure cylinders. The coupling of these three factors intensified the speed surge. After optimization

the closing time of the butterfly valve was shortened to 350~370 ms. Meanwhile

the HP heater system was put into operation

and the main and reheat steam temperatures were controlled to be ≥590 ℃. In the repeated 50% load rejection test

the maximum speed of the unit reached 3 135 r/min

which was no more than 105% of the rated speed

the speed stabilized at the rated value within 60 seconds

and all parameters met the specification requirements.

Conclusion

This study reveals for the first time the multi-factor coupling mechanism of speed surge during load rejection of dual intermediate pressure cylinder units. The established technical system of "valve dynamic optimization-thermal parameter matching - system balance regulation" fills the industry gap

provides a replicable scientific paradigm for the safety acceptance of similar high-parameter CHP units

and has important academic value and engineering significance for improving the adaptability of new-type coal-fired power units to extreme working conditions and ensuring the stable operation of the energy and power system.

关键词

Keywords

references

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