基于灰尘属性与碰撞对象随机性的光伏表面灰尘沉积预测

刘卫东; 闻海浪; 胡珊; 杨辉; 曹俊华; 聂星宇

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0762

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基于灰尘属性与碰撞对象随机性的光伏表面灰尘沉积预测

更新时间：2026-10-15

- 基于灰尘属性与碰撞对象随机性的光伏表面灰尘沉积预测
- Vol. 47, Issue 9, Pages: 315-326(2026)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0762
  CLC： TM615
- Online First：10 October 2026，
  
  Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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刘卫东, 闻海浪, 胡珊, et al. 基于灰尘属性与碰撞对象随机性的光伏表面灰尘沉积预测[J]. 2026, 47(9): 315-326.
DOI：

刘卫东, 闻海浪, 胡珊, et al. 基于灰尘属性与碰撞对象随机性的光伏表面灰尘沉积预测[J]. 2026, 47(9): 315-326. DOI： 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0762.

摘要

为提升光伏组件表面积灰预测的精确性

本文基于灰尘属性与灰尘沉积过程碰撞对象的随机性

改进表面灰尘随机沉积判定准则和灰尘沉积数值模拟方法

并以武汉市为例验证方法的有效性。首先通过构建灰尘沉积影响因素分析树

确定光伏组件灰尘沉积影响因素。其次

建立灰尘与光伏组件表面碰撞和灰尘与已沉积灰尘碰撞两种碰撞类型灰尘沉积判定准则。然后

将灰尘沉积判定准则应用于武汉市某光伏电站

考虑灰尘颗粒成分与尺寸的随机性

借助Fluent软件

将随机数与用户自定义内存相结合

建立描述灰尘沉积过程的二维数值模拟模型

得到基于积灰量模拟结果的预测发电量与实际发电量的相对误差平均值和标准差分别为8.78%和13.64%。最后采用正交试验设计的方法来设定模拟工况

结果表明风速对灰尘沉积结果的影响最显著。

Abstract

To improve the accuracy of predicting dust deposition on the surface of photovoltaic modules

this paper improves the criteria for determining surface dust random deposition and the numerical simulation method for dust deposition based on dust attributes and the randomness of collision objects during dust deposition. The effectiveness of the method is verified using Wuhan city as an example. First

an analysis tree of factors influencing dust deposition was constructed to identify key elements affecting dust deposition on photovoltaic modules. Second

criteria for determining dust deposition were established for two types of collisions： those between dust particles and the module surface

and those between incoming dust particles and already deposited dust. Then

the dust deposition judgment criteria were applied to a photovoltaic power station in Wuhan

considering the randomness of dust particle composition and size. With the help of Fluent software

a two-dimensional numerical simulation model was established to describe the dust deposition process by combining random numbers with user-defined memory. The average and standard deviation of the relative error between the predicted and actual power generation based on the simulation results of dust accumulation were 8.78% and 13.64%

respectively. Finally

the orthogonal experimental design method was used to set the simulation conditions. The numerical simulation results based on the orthogonal experimental design showed that the wind speed had the most significant impact on the dust deposition results.

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