Based on the equivalent circuit of the double-diode model of solar cells
a model for characterizing the output characteristics of bifacial photovoltaic modules has been established. A method for calculating model parameters has been proposed to address the multi-peak output characteristics under shading conditions. The effects of various shading conditions on the output characteristic curve and model parameters of the modules have been investigated. Additionally
the impacts of changes in shading intensity and the quantity of shaded cells on the model parameters have been analyzed. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the calculated model parameters and the output curves generated based on these parameters display remarkable accuracy. The established output characteristic model and its parameter calculation method are applicable to bifacial photovoltaic modules and strings
providing technical support for their fault diagnosis.
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references
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