基于链式电阻传感网络的光伏电站紧固状态监测系统

张晓; 宋帅迪; 黄煜航; 王侠; 王强

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0695

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基于链式电阻传感网络的光伏电站紧固状态监测系统

更新时间：2026-10-15

- 基于链式电阻传感网络的光伏电站紧固状态监测系统
- Vol. 47, Issue 9, Pages: 242-251(2026)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0695
  CLC： TM571
- Online First：10 October 2026，
  
  Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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张晓, 宋帅迪, 黄煜航, et al. 基于链式电阻传感网络的光伏电站紧固状态监测系统[J]. 2026, 47(9): 242-251.
DOI：

张晓, 宋帅迪, 黄煜航, et al. 基于链式电阻传感网络的光伏电站紧固状态监测系统[J]. 2026, 47(9): 242-251. DOI： 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0695.

摘要

针对光伏电站结构安全中螺栓松动的检测与定位问题

提出一种基于链式电阻传感网络的光伏电站紧固状态监测系统。首先

基于螺栓与螺母相对转动导致螺栓松动原理

针对光伏组件不同螺栓结构

分别设计板面传感器与支架传感器

将螺栓的转动转换为电阻信号;其次

根据光伏组件中板面螺栓和支架螺栓的分布特点

分别设计板面正反向检测电路和支架检测电路

通过检测电路总电阻的变化

计算螺栓松动位置的定位及松动数量;根据二极管I-V特性

提出一种电压电流差值比值法

减少了二极管对总阻值的影响

提高了板面松动螺栓数量检测精度。实验结果表明

该系统能准确检测光伏电站中螺栓的松动位置及数量

检测容量随着检测电压和传感器电阻的增加而增加

实现了螺栓松动预警远程监测

为分布式光伏电站的螺栓状态监测提供了一种高效、可靠的解决方案。

Abstract

To address the issue of bolt loosening detection and localization in the structural safety of photovoltaic （PV） power stations

this paper proposes a PV fastening state monitoring system based on a chained resistive sensor network. Firstly

based on the principle that bolt loosening is caused by the relative rotation between the bolt and nut

surface sensors and bracket sensors are designed for different bolt structures in PV modules

converting bolt rotation into resistance signals. Secondly

considering the distribution characteristics of surface bolts and bracket bolts

forward and reverse detection circuits for the surface and detection circuits for the bracket are respectively designed. By monitoring the changes in the total resistance of the detection circuit

the system can determine the position and quantity of loosened bolts. Based on the characteristics of diodes

a voltage-current difference ratio method is proposed to reduce the impact of diode internal resistance on the total resistance

thereby improving the accuracy of surface detecting the number of loosened surface bolts. Experimental results show that the system can accurately detect the location and number of loosened bolts in PV power stations. The detection capacity increases with higher detection voltage and sensor resistance. This system enables remote monitoring and early warning of bolt loosening

providing an efficient and reliable solution for bolt status monitoring in distributed PV power stations.

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Keywords

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