基于针-板电极的光伏组件静电吸附式除尘方法研究

王悦如; 刘云鹏; 李乐; 刘逸飞; 李浩义; 尹晓萱

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0144

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基于针-板电极的光伏组件静电吸附式除尘方法研究

更新时间：2026-07-22

- 基于针-板电极的光伏组件静电吸附式除尘方法研究
- Vol. 47, Issue 6, Pages: 689-697(2026)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0144
  CLC： TU834
- Online First：08 July 2026，
  
  Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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王悦如, 刘云鹏, 李乐, et al. 基于针-板电极的光伏组件静电吸附式除尘方法研究[J]. 2026, 47(6): 689-697.
DOI：

王悦如, 刘云鹏, 李乐, et al. 基于针-板电极的光伏组件静电吸附式除尘方法研究[J]. 2026, 47(6): 689-697. DOI： 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0144.

摘要

为实现光伏组件静电吸附式高效除尘

该文设计一种底面带有针刺的铝材质针-板电极型式。在明确静电吸附式除尘机理的基础上

采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件建立静电-荷电-粒子追踪的数值模拟模型

对除尘装置内的电场分布、灰尘颗粒荷电量和除尘率进行定量模拟和分析

并搭建静电吸附式除尘实验平台

验证数值模拟模型的可靠性。结果表明

多针式铝材质针-板电极型式显著提升静电吸附式除尘的效率

装置运行3 s后除尘率可达96.84%

光伏组件的发电效率达无尘状态下的93.89%

且相较于普通铝板

采用针-板电极型式可使得黏附于光伏组件表面的小粒径颗粒明显减少。

Abstract

In order to realize efficient electrostatic adsorption dust removal for photovoltaic modules

the paper designs an aluminum needle-plate electrode type with a needle on the bottom surface. On the basis of clarifying the mechanism of electrostatic adsorption dust removal

COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to establish a coupled simulation model of electrostatic force

charge transfer and charged particle tracking

calculating the distribution of electric field strength

the amount of charge of the dust particles and the dust removal rate in the dust removal device

and setting up an experimental platform for electrostatic adsorption dust removal to verify the reliability of the simulation model. The results show that the multi-needle aluminum needle-plate electrode type significantly improves the efficiency of electrostatic adsorption dust removal

the dust removal rate can reach 96.84% after 3 s of device operation

and the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules can reach 93.89% under the state of no dust. Compared with the ordinary aluminum plate

the use of needle-plate electrode type can make the small-sized particles adhered to the surface of the photovoltaic module significantly reduced.

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references

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