下击暴流风场模拟及其风力机作用效应

胡传新; 卿文杰; 管文松; 赵林; 吴开明

doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0033

English Version Journal Login

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

下击暴流风场模拟及其风力机作用效应

更新时间：2026-07-21

- 下击暴流风场模拟及其风力机作用效应
- Vol. 47, Issue 5, Pages: 357-367(2026)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0033
  CLC： TK83
- Online First：04 June 2026，
  
  Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
胡传新, 卿文杰, 管文松, et al. 下击暴流风场模拟及其风力机作用效应[J]. 2026, 47(5): 357-367.
DOI：

胡传新, 卿文杰, 管文松, et al. 下击暴流风场模拟及其风力机作用效应[J]. 2026, 47(5): 357-367. DOI： 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0033.

摘要

为研究下击暴流作用下风力机的动力响应特性

利用物理模拟器生成不同高宽比工况下的下击暴流风场

结合FAST软件

以NREL 5 MW风力机为研究对象

研究下击暴流风场不同径向距离处风力机的动力响应

对比分析停机偏航角和停机位置对叶片、塔基结构动力响应的影响规律。研究表明：在下击暴流风场

随着高宽比的减小风场中的峰值风速明显增加

随着竖向高度的增加水平风速竖直风剖面呈现先增后减的分布特征;风场中径向位置、停机偏航角度以及停机位置对风力机结构响应影响显著;在下击暴流正下方区域附近

风力机的叶根内力达到峰值;在停机偏航角30°附近

叶片出现气弹失稳现象

同时叶根弯矩最大值可达78.29 MN·m

塔基弯矩最大值可达108 MN·m;在径向距离400 m、停机偏航角30°附近

出现叶片发生气弹失稳引起的塔筒振动现象

结构损坏的风险显著增加

若风力机叶片达到极限承载弯矩易发生链式气动失稳

导致整体破坏;采取停机偏航角为0°并处于停机状态的风力机

在应对下击暴流极端条件时最为有利。

Abstract

To study the dynamic response characteristics of wind turbines under downburst conditions

a physical simulator is used to generate the downburst wind field under varying aspect ratios. Combined with FAST software

the NREL 5 MW wind turbine serves as the research object to investigate the dynamic response of wind turbines at different positions within the downburst wind field. The effects of yaw angle and shutdown position on the dynamic response of the blades and tower base structure are compared and analyzed. The results indicate that as the aspect ratio decreases in downburst flows

the peak wind speed increases significantly. The horizontal wind speed vertical profile varies

initially rising and then falling with height. Radial position

yaw angle

and shutdown position notably impact the structural response of the wind turbine. Near the region directly beneath the downburst the blade root experiences peak internal forces. At a yaw angle of approximately 30°

the blade may exhibit aeroelastic instability

reaching maximum bending moments at the blade root of 78.29 MN·m and at the tower base of 108 MN·m. When the wind turbine is at a radial distance of 400 meters and a yaw angle of 30° during shutdown

aerodynamic instability in the blade triggers vibrations in the tower

thereby significantly elevating the risk of structural damage. If the blade reaches its ultimate load-bearing moment

it can lead to chain aeroelastic instability and overall structural damage. Wind turbines with a shutdown yaw angle of 0° and in the shutdown state are most advantageous when facing extreme downburst conditions.

关键词

Keywords

references

冯旭宇, 刘晓东, 石茹琳. 一次风力发电机组雷击致灾过程分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2024, 45(9): 483-492.

HALLOWELL S T, MYERS A T, ARWADE S R, et al.Hurricane risk assessment of offshore wind turbines[J]. Renewable energy, 2018, 125: 234-249.

ZHANG Y, HU H, SARKAR P P.Modeling of microburst outflows using impinging jet and cooling source approaches and their comparison[J]. Engineering structures, 2013, 56: 779-793.

NGUYEN H H, MANUEL L.A Monte Carlo simulation study of wind turbine loads in thunderstorm downbursts[J]. Wind energy, 2015, 18(5): 925-940.

李艺, 黄国庆, 程旭, 等. 移动型下击暴流及其作用下高层建筑风荷载的数值模拟[J]. 工程力学, 2020, 37(3): 176-187.

张旭耀, 李对, 寇海霞, 等. 下击暴流不同高度水平最大风速对风力机气动载荷的影响[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(10): 370-375.

徐挺, 陈勇, 彭志伟, 等. 雷暴冲击风风洞设计及流场测试[J]. 实验力学, 2009, 24(6): 505-512.

HOLMES J D, OLIVER S E.An empirical model of a downburst[J]. Engineering structures, 2000, 22(9): 1167-1172.

JESSON M, STERLING M.A simple vortex model of a thunderstorm downburst: a parametric evaluation[J]. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics, 2018, 174: 1-9.

方智远, 黄汉杰, 汪之松. 稳态下击暴流风场竖向空间相关性试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(10): 230-235.

李波, 李若琦, 田玉基, 等. 基于物理模拟的不同射流倾角下击暴流风场特征[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(11): 215-222.

冯宇, 郝键铭, 辛凌风, 等. 基于实测数据驱动下优化参数的移动下击暴流数值模拟[J]. 中国公路学报, 2023, 36(8): 42-55.

HJELMFELT M R.Structure and life cycle of microburst outflows observed in Colorado[J]. Journal of applied meteorology (1988-2005), 1988, 27(8): 900-927.

SENGUPTA A, SARKAR P P.Experimental measurement and numerical simulation of an impinging jet with application to thunderstorm microburst winds[J]. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics, 2008, 96(3): 345-365.

OSEGUERA R M, BOWLES R L.A simple, analytic 3-dimensional downburst model based on boundary layer stagnation flow[R]. 1988.

WOOD G S, KWOK K C S, MOTTERAM N A, et al. Physical and numerical modelling of thunderstorm downbursts[J]. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics, 2001, 89(6): 535-552.

JONKMAN J, BUTTERFIELD S, MUSIAL W, et al.Definition of a 5-MW reference wind turbine for offshore system development[J]. Contract, 2009(February): 1-75.

PRATAPA P P, NGUYEN H H, MANUEL L.A computational model to simulate thunderstorm downbursts for wind turbine loads analysis[J]. Journal of solar energy engineering, 2023, 145(2): 021002.

MCCONVILLE A C, STERLING M, BAKER C J.The physical simulation of thunderstorm downbursts using an impinging jet[J]. Wind and structures an international journal, 2009, 12(2): 133-149.

LU N Y, MANUEL L, HAWBECKER P, et al.A simulation study on risks to wind turbine arrays from thunderstorm downbursts in different atmospheric stability conditions[J]. Energies, 2021, 14(17): 5407.

杨庆山, 赵聪杰, 黄国庆, 等. 偏航失效时海上风力机不同停机位置下响应特性[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2022, 40(4): 181-190, 168.

牛佳佳, 张立茹, 焦雪文, 等. 基于叶片变形偏航下风力机叶片绕流流场的研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(3): 301-305.

KIM E, MANUEL L.Hurricane-induced loads on offshore wind turbines with considerations for nacelle yaw and blade pitch control[J]. Wind engineering, 2014, 38(4): 413-423.

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

INFLUENCE OF HORIZONTAL MAXIMUM WIND SPEED AT DIFFERENT HEIGHT OF DOWNBURST ON AERODYNAMIC LOAD OF WIND TURBINE

面向风力机翼型的西北工业大学NF-3数字风洞设计与应用

考虑风剪切与塔影效应时叶片覆冰对风力机气动特性的影响

风浪冰载荷作用下海上风电机组塔筒结构动力响应

基于突变点检测与改进粒子滤波的风力机回转支承剩余寿命预测

Related Author

Zhang Xuyao

Li Dui

Kou Haixia

Yang Congxin

Li Ze

Wang Qianyu

赵钟

惠增宏

Related Institution

School of New Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University

College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology

School of Naval Architecture and Maritime, Zhejiang Ocean University

Zhejiang Yangfan General-use Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

College of Mechanical and Marine Engineering, Beibu Gulf University

AI问答

⁰