VMD-Transformer Prediction Model of SO<sub>2</sub> Emission Concentration Based on WOA in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler

PENG Tongchao; GAO Mingming; GUO Jiongnan; HAN Yushuo; YAN Shen; YUE Guangxi

doi:10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250449

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VMD-Transformer Prediction Model of SO₂ Emission Concentration Based on WOA in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler

更新时间：2026-09-15

- VMD-Transformer Prediction Model of SO₂ Emission Concentration Based on WOA in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler
- Chinese Journal of Power Engineering Vol. 46, Issue 9, Pages: 171-179(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 新能源电力系统全国重点实验室(华北电力大学),北京,102206
  2. 热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室(清华大学能源与动力工程系),北京,100084
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250449
  CLC： TM621;TP183
- Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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彭桐超, 高明明, 郭炯楠, 韩禹烁, 闫莘, 岳光溪. 基于WOA的循环流化床锅炉SO2排放浓度VMD-Transformer预测模型[J]. 动力工程学报, 2026, 46(9): 171-179.
彭桐超, 高明明, 郭炯楠, 韩禹烁, 闫莘, 岳光溪. 基于WOA的循环流化床锅炉SO2排放浓度VMD-Transformer预测模型[J]. 动力工程学报, 2026, 46(9): 171-179. DOI： 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250449.

DOI： 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250449

摘要

构建了基于鲸鱼优化算法（WOA）的循环流化床（CFB）锅炉SO2排放浓度变分模态分解（VMD）-Transformer预测模型。首先，采用平均影响值（MIV）方法筛选输入变量，通过四分位距（IQR）法剔除异常值后进行归一化。然后，运用WOA同步优化时间步长、VMD和Transformer模型超参数。最后，利用优化后的VMD模型提取SO2浓度时间序列信号，结合优化后的Transformer模型多头自注意力机制构建时间序列SO2排放浓度预测模型。以某300 MW CFB机组为研究对象，选取4段变负荷工况开展SO2排放浓度预测，经消融实验进一步验证了VMD的信号分解与Transformer的时序建模协同可提升预测精度。结果表明：在变负荷工况下，模型预测值与实际值的平均绝对误差（MAE）最低为1.336 9 mg/m3，决定系数R2为0.960 9。所建模型可为CFB机组污染物控制的在线优化提供支持，推动CFB机组向智能化方向发展。

Abstract

A variational modal decomposition (VMD)-Transformer prediction model for SO2 emission concentration in circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler based on whale optimization algorithm (WOA) was constructed. First

the mean impact value (MIV) method was adopted to screen input variables

outliers were eliminated through inter quartile range (IQR) method

and normalization was subsequently performed. Then

WOA was used to synchronously optimize the time step

as well as the hyperparameters of the VMD and Transformer models. Finally

the optimized VMD model was applied to extract the time series signals of SO2 concentration

and the multi-head self-attention mechanism of the optimized Transformer model was combined to build the time-series prediction model for SO2 emission concentration. Taking a 300 MW CFB unit as the research object

four segments of variable-load operating conditions were selected to carry out the prediction of SO2 emission concentration. Ablation experiments further verify that the synergy between VMD for signal decomposition and Transformer for temporal modeling can improve the prediction accuracy. Results show that under variable load conditions

the minimum mean absolute error (MAE) between the predicted value and the actual value of the model is 1.336 9 mg/m3

and the determination coefficient R2 is 0.960 9. The established model can provide a support for the online optimization of pollutant control in CFB units and promote the intelligent development of CFB units.

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VMD-Transformer Prediction Model of SO2 Emission Concentration Based on WOA in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler

DOI：10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250449

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

VMD-Transformer Prediction Model of SO₂ Emission Concentration Based on WOA in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler