For a 1 000 MW class pressurized water reactor (PWR) cogeneration system
a dynamic simulation model was established by using APROS software to investigate the effects of steam extraction from live steam
high-pressure exhaust steam
and reheat steam on electrical power. The dynamic response characteristics under various heating conditions were also simulated. The results show that high-pressure exhaust steam extraction has the least impact on power fluctuations and achieves the best equivalent power efficiency for heat supply. The response rate of electric power is sensitive to step changes in the extraction flow rates from reheat steam and high-pressure exhaust steam. When there is a step change in the extraction flow rate for low-temperature heating
a steady-state deviation in the average coolant temperature may occur due to the presence of a temperature dead zone.
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references
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