Research on GFL/GFM integrated control and oscillation stability of converters based on inertia synchronization

YANG Dejian; DU Bin; WANG Zehong; YAN Gangui

doi:10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.251359

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Research on GFL/GFM integrated control and oscillation stability of converters based on inertia synchronization

更新时间：2026-07-27

- Research on GFL/GFM integrated control and oscillation stability of converters based on inertia synchronization
- Power System Protection and Control Vol. 54, Issue 12, (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  现代电力系统仿真控制与绿色电能新技术教育部重点实验室 (东北电力大学),吉林,吉林,132012
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.251359
  CLC：
- Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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YANG Dejian, DU Bin, WANG Zehong, et al. Research on GFL/GFM integrated control and oscillation stability of converters based on inertia synchronization[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2026, 54(12).
DOI：

YANG Dejian, DU Bin, WANG Zehong, et al. Research on GFL/GFM integrated control and oscillation stability of converters based on inertia synchronization[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2026, 54(12). DOI： 10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.251359.

摘要

跟网型 (grid-following

GFL) 变流器依赖锁相环 (phase locked loop

PLL) 实现同步，在弱电网下存在振荡失稳风险。为解决跟网型控制在弱电网下的失稳问题，在跟网型 PLL 控制架构的基础上引入构网型 (grid-forming

GFM) 惯性同步控制 (inertia synchronization control

ISC) 机制，提出一种跟 / 构网一体化同步控制方法。首先，阐述了 ISC 和跟 / 构网一体化控制原理。其次，构建跟 / 构网一体化控制变流器小信号模型，通过参与因子分析揭示弱网下跟 / 构网权重变化时 PLL-ISC 耦合对稳定性的影响机理。并基于根轨迹分析法研究控制参数、电网强度及运行工况对失稳模态的影响规律，量化分析 ISC 权重提升对系统弱电网稳定性的改善效果。理论分析结果表明，相比单一跟网控制，一体化同步控制能有效抑制弱电网下由 PLL 引起的振荡失稳现象，提升了变流器弱电网下的运行能力。最后，通过 PSCAD/EMTDC 电磁暂态仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。

Abstract

Grid-following (GFL) converters rely on phase-locked loop (PLL) to achieve synchronization and are prone to oscillatory instability under weak-grid conditions. To address the instability of GFL control in weak grids

this paper introduces a grid-forming (GFM) inertia synchronization control (ISC) mechanism into the conventional PLL-based GFL control framework

and proposes an integrated GFL/GFM synchronization control method. First

the principles of ISC and the integrated GFL/GFM control strategy are elaborated. Then

a small-signal model of the integrated GFL/GFM converter is established

and the participation factor analysis is adopted to reveal the mechanism of PLL-ISC coupling on system stability under variations of GFL/GFM weights. Subsequently

root locus analysis is performed to investigate the influence of control parameters

grid strength

and operating conditions on unstable modes

and the improvement effect of increasing ISC control weight on system stability under weak grid conditions is quantitatively analyzed. Theoretical results demonstrate that the proposed integrated control effectively suppresses PLL-induced oscillations in weak grids and enhances the operation capability

significantly outperforming pure GFL control. Finally

the validity of the analysis is confirmed by detailed time-domain EMT simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC.

关键词

Keywords

references

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