Fault section location method for distribution networks based on dynamic gated data fusion and GCN-Transformer

YANG Nan; HOU Shaobo; XING Chao; WANG Can; GUAN Qinyue; YE Xuecheng; LI Siwu; HUANG Yuehua

doi:10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.251301

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Fault section location method for distribution networks based on dynamic gated data fusion and GCN-Transformer

更新时间：2026-05-14

- Fault section location method for distribution networks based on dynamic gated data fusion and GCN-Transformer
- Power System Protection and Control Vol. 54, Issue 10, (2026)
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- DOI：10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.251301
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- Published：2026
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YANG Nan, HOU Shaobo, XING Chao, et al. Fault section location method for distribution networks based on dynamic gated data fusion and GCN-Transformer[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2026, 54(10).
DOI：

YANG Nan, HOU Shaobo, XING Chao, et al. Fault section location method for distribution networks based on dynamic gated data fusion and GCN-Transformer[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2026, 54(10). DOI： 10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.251301.

摘要

在智能电网快速发展背景下，如何有效利用不同测量设备获取的多源数据，以满足不同故障场景下的配电网故障定位需求，对提升含分布式电源配电网的供电可靠性和运行安全性具有重要意义。鉴于此，提出一种基于动态门控数据融合的图卷积神经网络 (graph convolution network

GCN) 与 Transformer 相结合的配电网故障区段定位方法。首先，通过基于掩码感知的动态门控数据融合方法实现同步相量数据与同步波形数据的融合。然后，构建 GCN-Transformer 模型完成故障特征提取与融合，并引入焦点监督对比混合损失函数优化模型。最后，通过全连接分类层实现故障区段定位。仿真结果表明，所提方法在不同故障场景及样本不平衡条件下均表现出良好的故障定位性能。

Abstract

With the rapid development of smart grids

effectively utilizing multi-source data obtained from different measurement devices to meet the fault location requirements under different fault scenarios is of great significance for improving the power supply reliability and operational safety of distribution networks with distributed generation. To this end

a fault section location method for distribution networks based on dynamic gated data fusion and a combination of graph convolution network (GCN) and Transformer is proposed. First

the synchrophasor data and synchronized waveform data are fused through a dynamic gated data fusion method based on mask perception. Then

a GCN-Transformer model is constructed to extract and fuse fault features

and a focal supervised contrastive hybrid loss function is introduced to optimize the model. Finally

the fault section location is achieved through a fully connected classification layer. Simulation results show that the proposed method exhibits strong fault location performance under different fault scenarios and sample imbalance conditions.

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references

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