A Multi-terminal Flexible Frequency Support Method Based on Inertial-enhanced VSG Control

ZHAO Yuxiang; ZHAO Xilin

doi:10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2024.0112

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A Multi-terminal Flexible Frequency Support Method Based on Inertial-enhanced VSG Control

更新时间：2026-06-02

- A Multi-terminal Flexible Frequency Support Method Based on Inertial-enhanced VSG Control
- Vol. 43, Issue 3, Pages: 530-539(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  湖北工业大学电气与电子工程学院,湖北省,武汉市,430068
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2024.0112
  CLC： 3
- Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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ZHAO Yuxiang, ZHAO Xilin. A Multi-terminal Flexible Frequency Support Method Based on Inertial-enhanced VSG Control[J]. 2026, 43(3): 530-539.
DOI：

ZHAO Yuxiang, ZHAO Xilin. A Multi-terminal Flexible Frequency Support Method Based on Inertial-enhanced VSG Control[J]. 2026, 43(3): 530-539. DOI： 10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2024.0112.

摘要

大规模海上风电经多端柔性直流输电(voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current，VSC-MTDC)并网会降低电力系统惯性，进而危及电网频率及系统的运行稳定性。为解决上述问题，提出一种基于惯性增强VSG控制的多端柔直频率支撑方法。首先，利用虚拟惯性技术将交流频率与直流电压进行耦合，使远海风电能够主动参与频率支撑。其次，为提升传统虚拟同步机（virtual synchronous generator，VSG）的惯性动态调节性能，将频率微分前馈在虚拟同步控制中，并利用直流侧等效电容有功输出控制，进行VSG的惯性支撑。然后，为使VSG具备多端协调能力，同时考虑到多端柔直频率支撑过程中直流电压存在越限的危险，在虚拟同步控制前的级联频率-功率-电压下垂控制环节，根据电压偏差自适应地调整下垂系数，对各端功率需求进行合理分配，使扰动端得到有效的频率支撑，进而实现电网频率和直流电压的均衡控制。最后，仿真验证结果表明：所提方法不仅能有效改善交流系统的频率变化率与频率偏差，还能维持直流电压的稳定。

Abstract

When large-scale offshore wind power is connected to the grid through VSC-MTDC

the inertia of the power system decreases

posing a threat to grid frequency and system stability. To address the above issues

we present a multi-terminal flexible frequency support method based on inertial-enhanced VSG control. First

the virtual inertia technology is employed to couple the AC frequency with the DC voltage

enabling offshore wind power to actively participate in frequency support. Secondly

to improve the inertia dynamic adjustment performance of traditional VSG

the frequency differential feedforward is utilized in the virtual synchronous control

while the equivalent DC capacitor active power output control is used to provide VSG inertia support. Subsequently

to enable VSG to have multi-terminal coordination capability

and considering the risk of DC voltage exceeding the limit during multi-terminal flexible frequency support

the frequency-power-voltage sag control link is cascaded before virtual synchronous control. In addition

the sag coefficient is adjusted adaptively according to voltage deviation to rationally allocate the power demand of each end

enabling the disturbed terminal to get effective frequency support. Consequently

the balanced control of power grid frequency and DC voltage can be realized. Finally

simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of improving the frequency change rate and frequency deviation of the AC system

while also maintaining the stability of the DC voltage.

关键词

Keywords

references

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