Location and Capacity Determination Method for Battery Energy Storage Systems in Photovoltaic Distribution Networks Based on Center of Mass Theory

MA Yiran; PENG Qiao; LIU Tianqi; CAI Yongxiang; WANG Yang; MENG Jinhao

doi:10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2023.0271

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Location and Capacity Determination Method for Battery Energy Storage Systems in Photovoltaic Distribution Networks Based on Center of Mass Theory

更新时间：2025-12-11

- Location and Capacity Determination Method for Battery Energy Storage Systems in Photovoltaic Distribution Networks Based on Center of Mass Theory
- Issue 6, Pages: 1278-1288(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 四川大学电气工程学院,四川省,成都市,610065
  2. 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵州省,贵阳市,550007
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2023.0271
  CLC：
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
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MA Yiran, PENG Qiao, LIU Tianqi, et al. Location and Capacity Determination Method for Battery Energy Storage Systems in Photovoltaic Distribution Networks Based on Center of Mass Theory[J]. 2025, (6): 1278-1288.
DOI：

MA Yiran, PENG Qiao, LIU Tianqi, et al. Location and Capacity Determination Method for Battery Energy Storage Systems in Photovoltaic Distribution Networks Based on Center of Mass Theory[J]. 2025, (6): 1278-1288. DOI： 10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2023.0271.

摘要

大规模分布式光伏的接入为配电网安全稳定运行带来挑战，电压稳定问题即为其中之一。储能配置对光伏配电网电压稳定提升非常重要，但不合理的储能配置策略将导致不必要成本，降低配电网运行经济性。为此基于质心理论提出光伏配电网的电池储能定容–选址配置方法。首先提出光伏配电网中储能质心与电压区间质心的概念，其中储能质心用于构建储能集中程度评价指标，电压区间质心用于构建静态电压稳定性评价指标。然后基于电压区间质心对电压是否处在正常运行区间进行划分，以此建立电压稳定性目标函数。之后综合考虑配电网静态电压稳定性、运行网损以及储能投资成本最小为目标，同时考虑电压偏差约束、潮流约束、网络平衡等约束，构建光伏配电网储能定容–选址配置模型，基于多目标粒子群算法求解模型，得到光伏配电网储能定容–选址配置方案。最后以光伏接入的IEEE-33节点配电网为例，借助储能质心研究了储能配置集中程度对配置成本的影响，通过仿真算例验证了所提方法的有效性，其能够有效降低储能配置成本，提高静态电压稳定性。

Abstract

The integration of distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems on a large scale brings challenges to the safe and stable operation of distribution net-work

with voltage stability issue being one of them. The location and capacity determination of battery energy storage systems (BESS) is of great importance to voltage stability of photovoltaic (PV) distribution networks. However

unreasonable location and capacity determination strategy will lead to unnecessary cost and undermine the economics of distribution network operation. Battery storage capacity-location configuration method for photovoltaic distribution networks is proposed based on the center of mass theory. Firstly

the concepts of BESS center of mass and voltage interval center of mass in PV distribution network are put forward. The BESS center of mass is utilized to establish the evaluation index of BESS concentration degree

while the voltage interval center of mass is employed to construct the evaluation index of static voltage stability. The voltage stability objective function is established by classifying whether the voltage is in the normal operation interval based on the voltage interval center of mass. Subsequently

the impact of the BESS concentration degree on the deployment cost is investigated with the help of the BESS center of mass. Considering the voltage deviation constraint

tidal current constraint and network balance

a model for the BESS location and capacity determination in the PV distribution network is developed with the objective of minimizing the static voltage stability

operating network loss and investment cost of BESS in the distribution network. Finally

the solution to the location and capacity determination of BESS in the PV distribution network is obtained based on the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm. The IEEE-33 node distribution network connected by PV systems is utilized as the case study system to verify the proposed method and the analysis of concentration degree of BESS’s impact on the cost. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is capable of reducing the cost of energy storage configuration and improving the static voltage stability of the distribution network as well.

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