可逆固体氧化物电池系统多变量参数优化及性能分析

于诗魁; 孙树敏; 郭登科; 张雨檬; 王士柏; 孙立群; 秦晓辉; 刘前卫; 王利刚

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202507051

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可逆固体氧化物电池系统多变量参数优化及性能分析

更新时间：2026-06-12

- 可逆固体氧化物电池系统多变量参数优化及性能分析
- Thermal Power Generation Vol. 55, Issue 4, Pages: 21-29(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 华北电力大学能源电力创新研究院新型储能技术北京实验室
  2. 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院
  3. 中国电力科学研究院有限公司
  4. 国网电力工程研究院有限公司
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202507051
  CLC： TM91
- Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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[1]于诗魁,孙树敏,郭登科,等.可逆固体氧化物电池系统多变量参数优化及性能分析[J].热力发电,2026,55(04):21-29.
[1]于诗魁,孙树敏,郭登科,等.可逆固体氧化物电池系统多变量参数优化及性能分析[J].热力发电,2026,55(04):21-29. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202507051.

DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202507051.

摘要

【目的】固体氧化物电池具有可逆运行、高效及燃料适用性广等特点，在可再生能源大规模存储领域应用潜力巨大，针对可逆固体氧化物电池系统展开多变量参数优化研究，分析多变量参数对系统效率的影响规律。【方法】通过混合整数线性规划方法，在不同电流下以系统效率最高为目标优化电堆进出口温度及空气流量，实现系统最大热回收，计算最优系统效率。【结果】优化结果显示，在发电模式下，系统效率随电流升高呈现先增大后减小的趋势，峰值达53.5%；在制氢模式吸热状态下，电堆效率随电流增大而减小，最大值为119.5%，系统效率则随电流升高而增大，最大值为79.2%；在制氢模式放热状态下，电堆效率随电流升高而增大，最大值为95.4%，系统效率稳定在79.3%左右。【结论】研究揭示了电流与操作参数对系统性能的影响规律，为其在实际储能应用中的高效、灵活运行提供了理论依据与优化策略。

Abstract

[Objective] In response to the growing environmental concerns and the depletion of fossil fuels

the global installed capacity of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power continues to rise rapidly. However

the intermittent and variable nature of these energy sources poses significant challenges to power grid stability and the effective integration of clean energy. Solid oxide cells offer a promising pathway toward resolving these issues

owing to their ability to operate reversibly

high energy conversion efficiency

and compatibility with a wide range of fuels. By flexibly switching between solid oxide fuel cell mode and solid oxide electrolysis cell mode

they enable efficient electrical energy storage and chemical fuel production

demonstrating considerable potential for large-scale renewable energy storage and grid-balancing applications. This study conducts multivariable parameter optimization for a reversible solid oxide cell system

aiming to investigate the effect of multivariable parameters on the performance of reversible solid oxide cell systems. [Methods] A stack-level model is established and integrated with auxiliary components

such as fans

heat exchangers

and separators. The Aspen Plus software is used to construct a full system model. Using mixed-integer linear programming with an objective function that minimizes total energy demand

along with a pinch analysis technique

the thermal integration of the system is optimized for a given current density. This approach determines the optimal operating temperature under different current conditions

calculates the required air flow rate to satisfy stack temperature limits under optimized heat recovery

and evaluates the resulting auxiliary power consumption

ultimately leading to the computation of optimal system efficiency. [Results] The results show that in the power generation mode

the system efficiency increases at first and then decreases with the increase of current

and the maximum value is 53.5%. In the endothermic state of hydrogen production mode

the stack efficiency decreases with the increase of current

and the maximum value is 119.5%. While the system efficiency increases with the current

the maximum value reaches 79.2%. In the exothermic state of hydrogen production mode

the stack efficiency increases with the current

with the maximum value of 95.4%

and the system efficiency is stable at about 79.3%. [Conclusion] This research clarifies how operating current and other key parameters influence the performance of reversible solid oxide cell systems. The findings offer theoretical insights and practical optimization strategies to enhance the efficiency and operational flexibility of such systems in real-world energy storage applications

supporting the broader integration of intermittent renewable energy sources into the power grid.

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