For the flue gas decarbonization via spray

a three dimensional numerical model was established in the Euler-Lagrange framework

which couples gas-liquid flow

heat and mass transfer

and chemical reactions. A simplified thermodynamic expression is proposed based on thermodynamic consistency

and adopted in the model to reduce computational cost. The model verification result demonstrates that the predicted results agrees well with the experimental results. Moreover

the model is adopted to investigate the characteristics of gas-liquid flow

mass and heat transfer

and CO_2 absorption in the tower. The results show that

the spray mode has an important influence on gas-liquid distribution

temperature profile and CO_2 absorption in the tower. For the downward spray

the flue gas around the nozzle is entrained to flow downward in the middle part of the tower

while the fresh flue gas moves upward along the two sides of the tower. There is an intensive mixing behavior between the two gas streams.Furthermore

it is observed that the droplets aggregate in the middle part of the tower. The distributions of gas temperature

droplet temperature and H_2O gaseous volume fraction have a high correlation. The latent heat for vaporization accounts for 64% of the total gas-liquid heat exchange. The resistance to CO_2 absorption primarily exists at the liquid-side

which is two orders of magnitude higher than that at the gas-side. The maldistribution of the droplets can be mitigated by changing the spray direction

leading to an increase in the CO_2 removal efficiency from 38.3% to 49.6%.