Regional low-grade heat

such as ground source heat

domestic sewage waste heat

low-temperature industrial waste heat and data center waste heat

has considerable potential to contribute to the alleviation of energy crises and environmental pollution from a micro-grid perspective. To explore the method of park-level integrated energy systems (IES) that incorporates low-grade heat

a coordinated planning model is proposed in this paper. First

the working efficiency of heat pump (HP) is modeled using a combined method of thermodynamics and data regression. This HP model takes into consideration the heat upgrading process

which involves utilizing low-grade heat at various temperature levels. The conditional probability distribution of the HP model is also estimated according to the working temperature. Furthermore

the uncertainties arising from sources

loads

and HP models are addressed through chance constraints in a proposed stochastic planning model of IES. Specifically

the planning model is solved using an improved Grey Wolf Optimization (IGWO) algorithm

which enhances global search capability

local optimization accuracy

and stability. Simulation results show the advantage of integrating low-grade heat in IES with high-performance HP through multi-energy complementary mode. The planning model can coordinate multiple energy sources and provide a reference for decision-makers between risk and economy.