Transient Stability Analysis Between SG and Grid-forming VSCs with Current Saturation Control Considering Backward-Swing Dynamics

Yicheng Xue; Zheren Zhang; Guoteng Wang; Wentao Liu; Zheng Xu

doi:10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.04260

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Transient Stability Analysis Between SG and Grid-forming VSCs with Current Saturation Control Considering Backward-Swing Dynamics

Regular Papers | 更新时间：2026-04-16

- Transient Stability Analysis Between SG and Grid-forming VSCs with Current Saturation Control Considering Backward-Swing Dynamics
- CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems Vol. 12, Issue 2, Pages: 837-850(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  College of Electric Engineering, Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.04260
  CLC：
- Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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Yicheng Xue, Zheren Zhang, Guoteng Wang, et al. Transient Stability Analysis Between SG and Grid-forming VSCs with Current Saturation Control Considering Backward-Swing Dynamics[J]. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 2026, 12(2): 837-850.
DOI：

Yicheng Xue, Zheren Zhang, Guoteng Wang, et al. Transient Stability Analysis Between SG and Grid-forming VSCs with Current Saturation Control Considering Backward-Swing Dynamics[J]. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 2026, 12(2): 837-850. DOI： 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.04260.

摘要

Abstract

This paper analyzes the transient angle stability between synchronous generators (SGs) and grid-forming voltage source converters (GFM-VSCs)

considering backward-swing dynamics. The impact mechanism of current saturation control (CSC) on the backward-swing and forward-swing stability is addressed. Based on the second-order rotor motion equation

the conventional energy-based method for transient stability evaluation becomes rough driven by the interactions between SG and GFM-VSC. To overcome the barrier

a forward-time integral (FTI) method is proposed for calculating the critical clearing time (CCT). We discover that the CSC can affect the stable and unstable equilibrium points of the post-fault system

leading to both the backward-swing and forward-swing synchronism instability. Based on the mechanism

an enhanced synchronization control (ESC) is proposed. It combines a modified frequency control with a current-limit strategy to avoid backward-swing instability while enhancing forward-swing stability. Time-domain simulation verifies the theoretical analysis as well as the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed ESC.

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