The large-scale integration of power electronic interface-based renewable energy with intermittency and uncertainty poses severe challenges for power system secure operation

especially frequency security. Determining the system frequency regulation ability under contingency is an open problem. To bridge this gap

a unit commitment (UC) to concentrate solar power considering operational risk and frequency dynamic constraints (RFUC-CSP) is proposed in this paper. A concentrating solar power (CSP) plant with renewable energy characteristics and synchronous units is employed to improve renewable energy utilization and provide frequency support. Firstly

an analytical operational risk model is established to quantify the operational risk under renewable energy integration. Then

the frequency dynamic response characteristic of the system is considered to construct frequency security constraints. A novel RFUC-CSP framework is formulated by incorporating operational risk and frequency security constraints into the UC model

which can allocate operational flexibility of power systems by optimizing the admissible uncertainty level to reduce operational risk. The effectiveness of the proposed RFUC-CSP model is demonstrated by case studies on the modified IEEE 30-bus and IEEE RTS-79 system

and the cost-effectiveness of the CSP plant is quantified.