The large-scale integration of DC loads

such as electric vehicles and air conditioners

has increased the peak demand of the distribution network. Therefore

this paper proposes a load peak shaving operation management model based on interactive games among multi-stakeholders (e.g.

distribution network operator

energy storage owner and electric vehicle users) in an AC/DC hybrid distribution network. The supply and demand balance among multiple AC networks can be realized through the DC network with the help of electric vehicles and energy storage when the distribution network operator adjusts the time-of-use electricity price in the peak shaving management model. Distribution network operators aim at minimizing the peak-to-valley difference and maximizing the operation revenue while the energy storage owner and electric vehicle users seek for the greatest benefits in the interactive game process. The above game model is constructed in a master-slave framework

where the existence and uniqueness of the game equilibrium is also proved. Finally

the numerical results show that the proposed operation management model can effectively reduce the peak-to-valley differences while ensuring the best interests of all stakeholders.