光伏功率日前预测的准确性对电网的能源管理至关重要。针对光伏功率随机性及波动性大、预测精度不高的问题,文章提出一种基于PatchTST-STL模型的光伏发电功率日前预测方法。该方法通过引入时序块和季节趋势分解(seasonal and trend decomposition using loess
STL)改进Transformer的输入和架构,将每个时间步作为1个令牌(Token)改进为每个时序块(Patch)作为1个令牌,使得局部依赖关系被保留在1个令牌内,以提升局部模式捕捉能力,同时利用Transformer多头自注意力机制抽取序列长期依赖关系。考虑到光伏序列的模式复杂,采用STL对多变量光伏序列进行处理,分离出趋势、周期和残差部分,作为独立通道输入。使用灰狼优化算法(grey wolf optimizer
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