Simulation and Performance Analysis of a Hybrid TEC-Liquid Cooling Thermal Management System For the Lithium-Ion Battery Pack

YUE Xiaoyu; LI Zhenyu

doi:10.16516/j.ceec.2026-116

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Simulation and Performance Analysis of a Hybrid TEC-Liquid Cooling Thermal Management System For the Lithium-Ion Battery Pack

更新时间：2026-10-14

- Simulation and Performance Analysis of a Hybrid TEC-Liquid Cooling Thermal Management System For the Lithium-Ion Battery Pack
- Southern Energy Construction Vol. 13, Issue 4, Pages: 69-79(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安西电电气研究院有限责任公司,陕西,西安,710075
  2. 中海油田服务股份有限公司深圳分公司,广东,深圳,518000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16516/j.ceec.2026-116
  CLC： TK124;X932
- Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
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岳晓宇, 李振宇. 锂离子电池组TEC-液冷复合热管理系统仿真与性能分析[J]. 南方能源建设, 2026, 13(4): 69-79.

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岳晓宇, 李振宇. 锂离子电池组TEC-液冷复合热管理系统仿真与性能分析[J]. 南方能源建设, 2026, 13(4): 69-79. DOI： 10.16516/j.ceec.2026-116.

. DOI： 10.16516/j.ceec.2026-116.

摘要

目的

为提高锂离子电池组在高温环境、高倍率放电工况下的散热能力，并探索热电制冷（TEC）和液冷技术的协同工作机制，设计了一种TEC-液冷复合热管理系统。

方法

以某型28单体锂离子电池组为对象，建立了包含电池组、TEC组件、液冷冷板在内的全尺寸三维流-固-热耦合仿真模型，并通过Fluent软件进行了数值模拟研究。

结果

结果表明，所建立的TEC简化模型与复合热管理系统多物理场耦合仿真方法能够有效模拟TEC-液冷复合热管理系统的传热过程。在锂离子电池组1C放电倍率、冷却液入口50 ℃、TEC工作电流10 A的工况下，复合热管理系统能够将电池组最高温度控制在35.3 ℃，并在每个电池单体底部形成了局部冷源。冷却液入口温度升高会导致电池组平均温度上升与TEC组件COP的小幅下降，较低的冷却液入口温度更有利于发挥TEC组件的制冷性能。TEC工作电流存在最佳区间，过低或过高均不利于温控与能效。

结论

提出的仿真模型和方法能够有效反映TEC-液冷复合热管理系统的温度分布与综合性能，仿真结果为TEC-液冷复合热管理系统的设计与优化提供了理论依据和数据支持。

Abstract

Objective

To enhance the heat dissipation capability of lithium batteries under high ambient temperature and high-rate discharge conditions

and to explore the synergistic working mechanism of thermoelectric cooling (TEC) and liquid cooling

a TEC-liquid cooling hybrid thermal management system is designed.

Method

Targeting a specific 28-cell lithium-ion battery pack

a full-scale three-dimensional fluid-sol

id-thermal coupling model encompassing the battery pack

TEC assembly

and liquid cooling cold plate was established. Numerical simulation research was conducted using Fluent software.

Result

The results indicated that the simplified TEC model and the multi-physics coupling simulation methodology can effectively simulate the heat transfer process of the TEC-liquid hybrid thermal management system. Under the operating conditions of a 1C discharge rate

a coolant inlet temperature of 50 ℃

and a TEC current of 10 A

the maximum temperature of the battery pack was controlled around 35.3 ℃. And a localized cold source was formed at the bottom of each cell. An increase in the coolant inlet temperature led to a rise in the average battery pack temperature and a slight decrease in the COP of the TEC assembly. A lower coolant inlet temperature was more favorable for the cooling performance of the TEC assembly; There existed an optimal range for the TEC operating current

both excessively low and high currents were detrimental to temperature control and energy efficiency.

Conclusion

The proposed simulation model and methodology can effectively reflect the temperature distribution and comprehensive performance of the TEC-liquid hybrid thermal management system. The simulation results provide a theoretical basis and data support for the design and optimization of such systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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