Research progress and discussion on problems of sandy soil 
SHPB impact tests and numerical simulations

WU Lin; LYU Ya-ru; ZHANG Shen; DING Si-chao

doi:10.16285/j.rsm.2024.0014

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Research progress and discussion on problems of sandy soil SHPB impact tests and numerical simulations

更新时间：2026-06-25

- Research progress and discussion on problems of sandy soil SHPB impact tests and numerical simulations
- Vol. 45, Issue 11, Pages: 3461-3480(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  河海大学力学与工程科学学院,江苏,南京,210098
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16285/j.rsm.2024.0014
  CLC： TU441
- Online First：15 November 2024，
  
  Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
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WU Lin, LYU Ya-ru, ZHANG Shen, et al. Research progress and discussion on problems of sandy soil SHPB impact tests and numerical simulations[J]. 2024, 45(11): 3461-3480.
DOI：

WU Lin, LYU Ya-ru, ZHANG Shen, et al. Research progress and discussion on problems of sandy soil SHPB impact tests and numerical simulations[J]. 2024, 45(11): 3461-3480. DOI： 10.16285/j.rsm.2024.0014.

摘要

中高应变率下砂土的动力特性对防护工程、桩基贯入、船舶抛锚、飞机降落等问题具有重要意义。综述了砂土霍普金森压杆（split Hopkinson pressure bar，简称SHPB）冲击试验及数值模拟研究现状，总结了目前砂土冲击特性研究存在的主要问题，归纳如下：(1) SHPB试验对于散体材料仍存在不确定性，如试样尺寸尚不规范统一、边界条件难以控制、三轴试验方法还不成熟等，未来三轴SHPB试验需要解决试样径向变形测量和围压恒定问题；(2) 由于试验条件下排气和排水不确定，且存在惯性效应，导致应变率效应无法准确判断；(3) 含水率对冲击特性的影响与孔隙水压力、孔隙气压力变化相关，但相关变量测量困难，结果难以分析，需要开发完全不排气、不排水的装置以消除边界条件影响；(4) 现有方法如有限元法、离散元法、耦合方法无法统一模拟波传播连续性和颗粒破碎，需要克服计算量限制，建立考虑复杂机制（如含水、颗粒破碎）的数值模型来研究砂土冲击特性；(5) 需要建立考虑应变率效应的本构模型，实现水分、颗粒破碎等复杂机制的模拟，完善中高应变率土力学理论框架。

Abstract

Dynamic properties of sandy soil under medium-high strain rates are of great significance for protection engineering

pile penetration

ship anchoring

aircraft landing

and so on. This paper reviews the current research status of split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) impact tests and numerical simulations on sandy soil. The key issues in the research of sandy soil impact characteristics are summarized as follows: (1) The SHPB test still faces uncertainties for granular materials

such as the lack of standardized test sample size

difficulties in controlling boundary conditions

and the immaturity of triaxial testing methods. Future triaxial SHPB tests need to address issues related to measuring radial deformation of the samples and maintaining consistent confining pressure. (2) Due to uncertainties in gas and water discharge under test conditions and the presence of inertial effects

the accurate determination of strain rate effects becomes challenging. (3) The impact characteristics of granular materials are influenced by moisture content

which is correlated with changes in pore water pressure and pore air pressure. However

measuring these related variables is difficult

making it challenging to analyze the results. It is necessary to develop a device that completely eliminates the effects of gas and water discharge to mitigate the influence of boundary conditions. (4) To study the impact characteristics of sandy soils

it is necessary to overcome computational limitations and establish numerical models that account for complex mechanisms such as water content and particle fragmentation. Existing methods such as the finite element method

discrete element method

and coupled methods are unable to uniformly simulate the continuity of wave propagation and particle fragmentation. (5) It is crucial to develop constitutive models that consider the strain rate effects and can simulate complex mechanisms such as water content and particle fragmentation. This will help refine the theoretical framework of soil mechanics at medium to high strain rates.

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