中国大规模盐穴储氢需求与挑战

杨春和

doi:10.16285/j.rsm.2023.1785

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中国大规模盐穴储氢需求与挑战

更新时间：2026-06-28

- 中国大规模盐穴储氢需求与挑战
- Vol. 45, Issue 1, Pages: 1-19(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室
  2. 中国科学院大学
  3. 重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制全国重点实验室
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16285/j.rsm.2023.1785
  CLC： TK91
- Online First：09 January 2024，
  
  Published：2024
- 稿件说明：
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杨春和. 中国大规模盐穴储氢需求与挑战[J]. 2024, 45(1): 1-19.
DOI：

杨春和. 中国大规模盐穴储氢需求与挑战[J]. 2024, 45(1): 1-19. DOI： 10.16285/j.rsm.2023.1785.

摘要

氢能是来源广泛且低碳清洁的能源，大力发展氢能产业是实现双碳目标和应对全球能源转型的重要举措。在氢能“制备―储存―运输―应用”全产业链中，储氢难问题长期制约着氢能产业高质量发展。盐穴储氢具有成本低、规模大、安全性高和储氢纯度高等突出优势，是未来氢能大规模储备的重要发展方向，也是我国能源低碳转型的重大战略需求。综合调研了我国制氢产业和氢能消费现状，分析了我国盐穴储氢的需求。调研了国外利用盐穴储存天然气和氢气的技术及工程现状，总结了我国盐穴储气库发展和建设历程。对比了利用盐穴储存天然气、氦气、压缩空气和氢气的异同点，提出我国盐穴储氢面临三大科技挑战：层状盐岩氢气渗透与生化反应、盐穴储氢库井筒完整性管控、储氢库群灾变孕育与防控。研究成果明确了我国氢气储备需求的快速增长趋势和大规模盐穴储氢的重点攻关方向。

Abstract

Hydrogen is a low-carbon and clean energy source that can be produced from a wide range of sources

and the vigorous development of hydrogen energy industry is an important measure to achieve the dual-carbon goal and cope with the global energy transition. In the whole industry chain of "preparation–storage–transportation–application" of hydrogen energy

the difficulty of hydrogen storage has long been a constraint to the high-quality development of hydrogen energy industry. Salt cavern hydrogen storage has outstanding advantages such as low cost

large scale

high safety

and high hydrogen storage purity

which is an important development direction of large-scale hydrogen storage in the future

and also a major strategic demand during China's low-carbon energy transition. The current situations of hydrogen production industry and hydrogen energy consumption in China were comprehensively investigated

and the demand for salt cavern hydrogen storage in China was further analyzed. The technology and engineering status of using salt caverns to store natural gas and hydrogen in foreign countries were investigated

and the development and construction history of salt cavern storage in China were summarized. The similarities and differences of using salt caverns to store natural gas

helium

compressed air

and hydrogen were compared

and three major scientific and technological challenges that salt cavern hydrogen storage in Chin faces were proposed: hydrogen seepage and biochemical reaction in bedded salt rock

wellbore integrity control in salt cavern hydrogen storage

and pregnancy and prevention of disaster in hydrogen storage groups. The research results clearly define the rapid growth trend of hydrogen storage demand and the key research directions of large-scale salt cavern hydrogen storage in China.

关键词

Keywords

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