Model tests on horizontal bearing capacity and earth pressure distribution 
of hollow cone-shaped foundation under horizontal monotonic loading

ZHANG Yu; LI Da-yong; LIANG Hao; ZHANG Yu-kun

doi:10.16285/j.rsm.2020.1105

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Model tests on horizontal bearing capacity and earth pressure distribution of hollow cone-shaped foundation under horizontal monotonic loading

更新时间：2026-06-25

- Model tests on horizontal bearing capacity and earth pressure distribution of hollow cone-shaped foundation under horizontal monotonic loading
- Vol. 42, Issue 5, Pages: 1404-1412(2021)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国石油大学储运与建筑工程学院,山东,青岛,266580
  2. 山东科技大学山东省土木工程防灾减灾重点试验室,山东,青岛,266590
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16285/j.rsm.2020.1105
  CLC： TU476;TU432
- Online First：08 May 2021，
  
  Published：2021
- 稿件说明：
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ZHANG Yu, LI Da-yong, LIANG Hao, et al. Model tests on horizontal bearing capacity and earth pressure distribution of hollow cone-shaped foundation under horizontal monotonic loading[J]. 2021, 42(5): 1404-1412.
DOI：

ZHANG Yu, LI Da-yong, LIANG Hao, et al. Model tests on horizontal bearing capacity and earth pressure distribution of hollow cone-shaped foundation under horizontal monotonic loading[J]. 2021, 42(5): 1404-1412. DOI： 10.16285/j.rsm.2020.1105.

摘要

空心锥形基础是一种新型陆地风电基础形式。开展粗砂中空心锥形基础的水平单调加载模型试验，研究基础尺寸、加载高度对水平承载力、基础周围土压力分布规律的影响。研究表明锥形基础水平承载力随底板直径增加而显著提高，随加载高度增加而降低。当无量纲化加载高度（H为加载高度，为基础顶板直径）由0.5增至1.0时，锥形基础水平承载力减小约43%。相同顶板直径和基础高度条件下，基础底板与顶板直径之比大于0.28时，锥形基础水平承载力高于圆型基础。水平荷载作用下，空心锥形基础绕一点发生转动，转动点沿加载方向基础前侧移动。加载过程中，沿加载方向基础前侧土体处于被动土压力区，土压力延基础埋深近似呈倒三角形分布，被动土压力区范围值随水平荷载增加而逐渐减小。基于极限平衡法，提出了水平荷载下基础与土体脱空面积的计算方法，采用模型试验数据验证了其准确性，模型试验与计算结果误差为4.5%。

Abstract

The hollow cone-shaped foundation is an innovative foundation for onshore wind turbines. Model tests were carried out to investigate the influences of foundation sizes and loading eccentricity on the bearing behavior and earth pressure distribution along the foundation embedded depth under monotonic horizontal loading. Results show that the horizontal bearing capacity of the cone-shaped foundation increases with the increase in the diameter of the foundation and the decrease in the loading eccentricity. When the normalized loading eccentricity

(H is the loading eccentricity and is the diameter of the foundation top plate)

increases from 0.5 to 1.0

the bearing capacity decreases by approximately 43%. When the ratio of the base plate diameter to the top plate diameter of the cone-shaped foundation is higher than 0.28

the bearing capacity of the cone-shaped foundation is larger than that of the regular circular gravity-based foundation under the same top plate diameter and foundation height. During horizontal loading

the cone-shaped foundation rotates about the rotation center. The rotation center moves downwards and forwards with the increase in horizontal loading

and then tends to be a stable position. The sand in front of the foundation is in the passive earth pressure zone. The size of the passive earth pressure zone decreases with the increase in the horizontal load. A method of predicting the effective area between the foundation and the sand is proposed in terms of the force equilibrium. The effective area predicted using the proposed method agrees well with the model test results. The error between the calculated result and the test result is 4.5%.

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