Lin Yuhao,Yang Jun,Wang Hongli,et al.Real-time energy sharing mode of electric vehicle charging stations based on multi-subject Stackelberg-evolutionary hybrid game[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2026,46(10):75-85.
Lin Yuhao,Yang Jun,Wang Hongli,et al.Real-time energy sharing mode of electric vehicle charging stations based on multi-subject Stackelberg-evolutionary hybrid game[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2026,46(10):75-85.DOI: 10.16081/j.epae.202511014.
Real-time energy sharing mode of electric vehicle charging stations based on multi-subject Stackelberg-evolutionary hybrid game
The deployment of vehicle-to-grid charging piles and distributed renewable energy resources has transformed the role of charging stations in the electricity market from consumers to large-scale prosumers. Energy sharing enables the optimal allocation of adjustable power resources among charging stations,thereby enhancing the economic benefits of charging stations. In order to more accurately depict the game beha-viors of each subject in the energy sharing process,a real-time energy sharing mode of electric vehicle(EV) charging stations based on multi-subject Stackelberg-evolutionary hybrid game is proposed. Based on the path parameters of traffic network,an evolutionary response model for EV users participating in energy sha-ring is established. Based on the non-cooperative relationship among charging stations and the decision-making sequence relative to clearing market,a Stackelberg game model between charging stations and the clearing market is established. A Stackelberg-evolutionary hybrid game framework for EV users,charging stations and the clearing market is established,and the solution strategy for this hybrid game is proposed. Taking the traffic network-energy sharing coupled system as an example for simulation,the results show that the proposed energy sharing mode can truly reflect the game behaviors of each subject and enhance the economic benefits of charging stations and society.
关键词
Keywords
references
Wouters H , Martinez W . Bidirectional onboard chargers for electric vehicles:state-of-the-art and future trends [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics , 2024 , 39 ( 1 ): 693 - 716 .
Upputuri R P , Subudhi B . A comprehensive review and per-formance evaluation of bidirectional charger topologies for V2G/G2V operations in EV applications [J]. IEEE Transac-tions on Transportation Electrification , 2024 , 10 ( 1 ): 583 - 595 .
Liu Junlin , Zhu Zhenshan , Wen Buying . Post-disaster power supply restoration strategy based on V2G potential fuzzy eva-luation and mobile energy storage coordinated scheduling [J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment , 2024 , 44 ( 9 ): 89 - 97 .
Wang Jun , Huang Keran , Xu Xiao , et al . Ordered charging of electric vehicles based on ladder-type carbon price and adaptive time-of-use electricity price [J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment , 2024 , 44 ( 2 ): 64 - 71 .
Yuvaraj T , Devabalaji K R , Kumar J A , et al . A comprehen-sive review and analysis of the allocation of electric vehicle charging stations in distribution networks [J]. IEEE Access , 2024 , 12 : 5404 - 5461 .
Yang Mao , Han Chao , Zhang Wei . Short-term power prediction method for wind farm cluster based on deep graph cluste-ring and feature reconstruction [J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment , 2025 , 45 ( 4 ): 53 - 59 .
Zhang Yanyu , Zhang Zhiming , Liu Chunyang , et al . Electric vehicle charging load prediction based on dynamic adaptive graph neural network [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2024 , 48 ( 7 ): 86 - 93 .
Yan Jun , He Wei , Guo Chuangxin , et al . Multi-scale photovoltaic power output prediction based on generative adversarial network and Transformer [J]. Electric Power Automation Equi-pment , 2025 , 45 ( 11 ): 25 - 35 .
Yi Jianbo , Hu Meng , Wang Zeyu , et al . Multi-objective optimal configuration strategy for improving operation efficiency of photovoltaic energy storage charging stations [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2024 , 48 ( 14 ): 100 - 109 .
Chen Y , Zhao C H . Review of energy sharing:business mo-dels,mechanisms,and prospects [J]. IET Renewable Power Generation , 2022 , 16 ( 12 ): 2468 - 2480 .
Yu Xinyue , Li Gaojunjie , Wang Xin , et al . Centralized shared energy storage sharing mechanism for regional network based on consistency algorithm [J]. Electric Power Automation Equip-ment , 2024 , 44 ( 7 ): 231 - 237 .
Chen Y , Mei S W , Zhou F Y , et al . An energy sharing game with generalized demand bidding:model and properties [J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid , 2020 , 11 ( 3 ): 2055 - 2066 .
Wang Z J , Liu F , Ma Z Y , et al . Distributed generalized Nash equilibrium seeking for energy sharing games in prosumers [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , 2021 , 36 ( 5 ): 3973 - 3986 .
Anoh K , Maharjan S , Ikpehai A , et al . Energy peer-to-peer trading in virtual microgrids in smart grids:a game-theoretic approach [J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid , 2020 , 11 ( 2 ): 1264 - 1275 .
Liu N , Yu X H , Wang C , et al . Energy sharing management for microgrids with PV prosumers:a Stackelberg game approach [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics , 2017 , 13 ( 3 ): 1088 - 1098 .
Cui S C , Wang Y W , Shi Y , et al . Community energy coope-ration with the presence of cheating behaviors [J]. IEEE Tran-sactions on Smart Grid , 2021 , 12 ( 1 ): 561 - 573 .
Li Gaojunjie , Yang Jun , Zhu Xu , et al . Real-time energy sharing mechanism for charging stations considering user response characteristics of electric vehicles [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2022 , 46 ( 12 ): 56 - 66 .
Wang Ke , Wu Feng , Cao Ruolin , et al . Review on characteristics and models of demand response behavior in market environment [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2024 , 48 ( 15 ): 1 - 14 .
Liu Wenyu , Chen Zhong , Du Puliang , et al . Bidding model for multiple virtual power plants participating in day-ahead electricity market based on coalition game [J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment , 2024 , 44 ( 5 ): 135 - 142,150 .
Smith J M . Evolution and the theory of games [M]. Cambri-dge,UK : Cambridge University Press , 1982 .
Zhang Jun , Zhong Kanghua , Zhang Yongjun , et al . Hybrid game based sharing operation mode for multi-regional electric power and energy storage and its economic benefit analysis [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2024 , 48 ( 3 ): 31 - 41 .
Cai Guowei , Jiang Yuqing , Huang Nantian , et al . Large-scale electric vehicles charging and discharging optimization sche-duling based on multi-agent two-level game under electricity demand response mechanism [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE , 2023 , 43 ( 1 ): 85 - 98 .
Yan Limei , Zeng Jiawei , Xu Jianjun , et al . Scheduling strategy of distribution grid with electric vehicles and photolatic based on evolutionary dynamics game [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica , 2024 , 45 ( 5 ): 316 - 323 .
Zhang Qian , Wu Jiaqi , Sun Tao , et al . Integrated scheduling strategy for grid-aggregator-vehicle interaction based on multi-subject evolutionary-Stackelberg hybrid game [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE , 2025 , 45 ( 11 ): 4163 - 4174 .
Ma Xiufan , Wang Chao , Hong Xiao , et al . Optimal scheduling of charging and discharging of electric vehicle based on real time price and economic dispatch model [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society , 2016 , 31 ( S1 ): 190 - 202 .
Smith J M , Price G R . The logic of animal conflict [J]. Na-ture , 1973 , 246 ( 5427 ): 15 - 18 .
Wu Jiechen , Ai Xin , Hu Junjie , et al . Optimal dispatch of fle-xible resource on demand side considering uncertainties [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2019 , 43 ( 14 ): 73 - 80,89 .
Ding L , Wang L Y , Yin G Y , et al . Distributed energy mana-gement for smart grids with an event-triggered communication scheme [J]. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technolo-gy , 2019 , 27 ( 5 ): 1950 - 1961 .
Le Cadre H , Jacquot P , Wan C , et al . Peer-to-peer electricity market analysis:from variational to generalized Nash equilib-rium [J]. European Journal of Operational Research , 2020 , 282 ( 2 ): 753 - 771 .
薛建凯 . 一种新型的群智能优化技术的研究与应用 [D]. 上海 : 东华大学 , 2020 .
Xue Kaijian . Research and application of a novel swarm intelligence optimization technique:sparrow search algorithm [D]. Shanghai : Donghua University , 2020 .