The variation characteristics of river runoff play an important guiding role in flood and drought disaster prevention of river basin
ecological management and water resources utilization. Based on the measured daily flow of Yuluoping Station in Malian River Basin from 1956 to 2020
from the three aspects of magnitude
intensity and frequency
this article constructs fourteen extreme runoff indexes
including annual maximum 1-day runoff(Max1d)
annual maximum 3-days runoff(Max3d)
annual maximum 7-days runoff(Max7d)
annual minimum 1-day runoff(Min1d)
annual minimum 3-days runoff(Min3d)
annual minimum 7-days runoff(Min7d)
strong runoff(R95)
extremely strong runoff(R99)
weak runoff(R10)
extremely weak runoff(R5)
strong runoff frequency(Rd95)
extremely strong runoff frequency(Rd99)
weak runoff frequency(Rd10) and extremely weakrunoff frequency(Rd5). The trend
mutation and periodicity of extreme runoff in Malian River Basinare analyzed by Mann-Kendall trend test
cumulative anomaly
sequential clustering and wavelet analysis. The results indicate that Max1d
Max3d
Max7d
R99 and Rd99 show a downward trend
R95
R10
R5
Rd95
Rd10 and Rd5 show a significantly downward trend
Min1d shows an upward trend
Min3d and Min7d show a significantly upward trend. The mutation years of Max1d
Max7d
R95
R99
Rd95 and Rd99 were 2004
the mutation year of Max3d was 2005
the mutation years of Min1d
Min3d and Min7d were 1970
and the mutation years of R10
R5
Rd10 and Rd5 were 1995 and 2008. The periodicity of 14 extreme runoff indexes can be mainly divided into 3~10a interannual scale medium oscillation period and 11~40a interdecadal scale long oscillation period.