计及SoC均衡的分布式储能型MMC参与电网频率支撑控制方法

WANG Shunliang; DUAN Yuxuan; LI Xinwei; TU Hao; JIANG Han; MA Junpeng; ZHANG Huajie

doi:10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20251629

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计及SoC均衡的分布式储能型MMC参与电网频率支撑控制方法

更新时间：2026-09-16

- 计及SoC均衡的分布式储能型MMC参与电网频率支撑控制方法
- Vol. 52, Issue 5, Pages: 2139-2149(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 四川大学电气工程学院,成都,610065
  2. 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,广州,510080
  3. 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院,成都,610095
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20251629
  CLC：
- Received：31 May 2026，
  
  Published：2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
WANG Shunliang, DUAN Yuxuan, LI Xinwei, et al. 计及SoC均衡的分布式储能型MMC参与电网频率支撑控制方法[J]. 2026, 52(5): 2139-2149.
DOI：

WANG Shunliang, DUAN Yuxuan, LI Xinwei, et al. 计及SoC均衡的分布式储能型MMC参与电网频率支撑控制方法[J]. 2026, 52(5): 2139-2149. DOI： 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20251629.

摘要

将电池储能系统与模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter

MMC)集成，可赋予柔性直流换流器更灵活的有功调节能力，更好地在暂态过程中为电网提供频率支撑。然而，储能单元间参数差异又易导致荷电状态(state of charge

SoC)失衡，威胁系统安全稳定运行。对此，提出兼顾SoC均衡的分布式储能型MMC参与电网频率支撑控制方法。首先，所提方法采用仿同步机控制策略，使换流器具备主动频率支撑能力；其次，设计了二次分配功率策略，利用储能电池快速提供有功功率支撑，避免电容电压越限；最后，提出了一种SoC均衡控制策略，通过动态调节各储能单元的功率参考值，在实现频率支撑的同时维持内部能量均衡。基于PSCAD/EMTDC以及硬件在环实验结果表明，所提方法在实现主动频率支撑的同时，兼顾储能单元SoC均衡，提升系统的稳定性与持续运行能力。

Abstract

Integrating a battery energy storage system (BESS) with a modular multilevel converter (MMC) enables the HVDC converter to deliver active power and provide frequency support during transient events. However

delivering frequency support may cause a decrease in the MMC capacitor voltage

and parameter inconsistencies among the storage units can further lead to state-of-charge (SoC) imbalance

posing risks to the system’s safe and stable operation. To address these challenges

this paper proposes a distributed MMC-BESS frequency support control method that accounts for SoC balancing. First

a versatile static synchronous machine control strategy is adopted to enable autonomous frequency response. Second

a secondary power allocation mechanism is introduced

allowing the battery to rapidly provide active power support. Finally

an SoC balancing strategy is designed to dynamically adjust the power references of battery

achieving internal energy balancing while maintaining effective frequency support. Results based on PSCAD/EMTDC and HIL experiments verify that the proposed method not only provides active frequency support but also improves SoC consistency among storage units

thereby enhancing system stability and sustained operation capability.

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