In cloud-to-ground lightning phenomena

the continuous multiple lightning current impulses acting on struck objects represent a critical characteristic of multiple strokes phenomena. However

the complex physical processes and disaster mechanisms of this phenomenon exhibit significant differences from those of a single lightning strike

which poses challenges for accurate lightning risk assessment and effective protection. Effective assessment of multiple strokes risks and the proposal of mitigation measures are critical to understanding the phenomenon of multiple strokes and its typical impacts on power systems

as well as to constructing a transient analysis model that accurately reflects the continuous lightning current effects. This constitutes the foundation for enhancing power system's resilience to deal with lightning disasters and ensuring secure

reliable grid operation. Therefore

this paper starts with the observation of multiple strokes. First

the phenomenon of multiple strokes and their significant differences from single lightning stroke are introduced

focusing on the characteristics of continuous lightning currents action and the distribution range of the interval time. Next

combined the above features

the typical impacts and hazards of multiple strokes on power system equipment and facilities are discussed. Then

this paper reviews the lightning attachment

energy propagation and dissipation processes of multiple strokes

emphasizing the mechanisms of their impact on facilities and equipment. Finally

this paper discusses the challenges in the observation

simulation and impact assessment of multiple strokes

and puts forward the research interests that can be carried out in the future.