相较于传统方案,采用基于集成门极换向晶闸管(integrated gate-commutated thyristor,IGCT)的电流源换流器(current source converter,CSC)作为远海风电场的送出方案能够大幅降低海上换流站的建设成本,是一种更为经济的选择。但是,现有的CSC调制方式通常采用脉冲宽度调制或基频调制,其中前者具有开关损耗高等缺点,后者由于只有触发角一个控制量,因此不能实现有功无功的灵活控制。针对上述问题,提出一种集成S7桥臂的基频调制电流源型换流站(current source converter with S7 bridge,S7CSC)及其控制策略。首先,介绍了S7CSC直流输电拓扑,并对其工作模型进行了详细分析,探讨了S7桥臂的开关控制与基频调制策略的协调关系,并构建了数学模型。然后,提出了相应的海上交流电压/频率控制策略,对海上交流故障的故障特性进行分析,并提出了交流故障下的低压穿越策略。接着,与其他技术方案进行了详细的对比分析。最后,搭建了S7CSC的PSCAD仿真模型,对系统结构和控制策略进行了仿真分析。结果表明:S7CSC具备双自由度,能够稳定控制海上交流电压,并且具备良好的故障响应特性,能够适应风电出力波动。
Abstract
The use of IGCT-based current source converters (CSC) as the transmission solution for offshore wind farms can significantly reduce the construction costs of offshore converter stations compared to traditional solutions
making it a more economical choice. However
the existing modulation methods for CSCs use either pulse width modulation (PWM) or fundamental frequency modulation. The former suffers from high switching losses
while the latter
due to having only one control parameter (namely
the triggering angle)
cannot achieve flexible control of active and reactive power. To address these issues
this paper proposes a current-source converter station with integrated S7 bridge arms and its control strategy. First
the S7CSC DC transmission topology is introduced
and its operating model is analyzed in detail. The coordination between the switching control of the S7 bridge arms and the fundamental frequency modulation strategy is discussed
and a mathematical model is developed. An offshore AC voltage/frequency control strategy is then proposed. The fault characteristics of offshore AC faults are analyzed
and a low-voltage ride-through strategy under AC faults is introduced. Finally
a PSCAD simulation model of the S7CSC is built to simulate and analyze the system structure and control strategy. The results verify that the S7CSC has two degrees of freedom
can stably control the offshore AC voltage
and demonstrates good fault response characteristics
making it capable of adapting to fluctuations in wind power output.